542  MECHANIK NR 5–6/2016 Unconventional methods for forming implanto-distractors Niekonwencjonalne metody ksztaltowania implanto-dystraktorów ZBIGNIEW MACHYNIA GRZEGORZ SKRABALAK ANDRZEJ STWORA DOI: 10.17814/mechanik.2016.5-6.77 MARIA ZYBURA * Międzynarodowa Konferencja IMT 2016 The paper presents design process and manufacturing of the dental implants, which have been improved in terms of the materials that are used, as well as their shapes and thread profiles that are employed. In the result of optimization works the shape and dimensions of dental implant made of titanium have been deter- mined. For the needs of optimization, the parameterized geometrical axisymmetric model (2D) and the associat- ed computational model FEM provided for calculation of the value of the objective function were used. In result of these works the model of dental implant was derived. The paper presents also the manufacturing process of implant and example of designed elements. One of the methods applied is the additive manufacturing process of Selective Laser Melting (SLM). KEYWORDS: implanto-distractors, FEM, numerical modelling, selective laser sintering/melting (SLS/SLM) W artykule przedstawiono problem optymalizacji implanto-dystraktorów dla doboru odpowiedniego ksztaltu i wymiarów implantów wykonywanych ze sto- pów tytanu. W procesie optymalizacji wykorzystano numeryczny model obliczeniowy MES. Na podstawie wybranego przykladu przedstawiono proces wykonania wybranych w procesie modelowania elementów implan- tu metodą selektywnego spiekania laserowego SLS. SLOWA KLUCZOWE: implanto-dystraktor, model CAD, optymalizacja numeryczna, metoda SLS/SLM Shape of the threads for typical applications and typical pairs of materials of similar mechanical properties does not need optimization. In these cases, metric threads provide even distribution of forces and tensions on both connected components. This situation is different in case of titanium based dental implants, which are mounted into bones. Due to significant differences in mechanical properties (strength, Young modulus) of pair of connecting materials, application of metric thread would lead to uneven and harmful distribu- tion of tensions – especially in the cancellous bone, causing its destruction even, when relatively small loads are applied [1, 2]. The problem of pairing titanium based implants with cancellous bone induced necessity of optimization of dental implant thread in order to minimize tensions causing cancel- lous bone destruction, under specific load, through proper tension distribution. Properly designed dental implants were later on manu- factured of titanium alloy using the Selective Laser Melt- ing/Sintering technology (SLM/SLS). FEM Analysis In order to develop the shape of the thread providing harmless interaction between dental implant and cancellous bone, numerous researches and analyses were performed [3]. Models were developed using CAD system (NX), later on simulations and analyses using FEM and CAE – ANSYS Workbench was employed: • the dental implant of jaw bone was designed and there were performed FEM analyses of tension distribution in the jaw bone during distraction, without bone cutting and with various ways of bone cutting (Fig. 1); • various designs of connection between the dental impact’s body and its foot were designed and its strength was FEM simulated and analysed; this connection shall resist the torque of 0.5 Nm, necessary for screwing the dental implant into the jaw bone or for its removal (Fig. 2); • strength of the mounting screw was analysed; for needs of FEM calculations, force of 608 N was used (registered for the premolar teeth). Fig. 1. Tension distribution when bone is cut Fig. 2. Tension distribution in the dental implant thread * Mgr inż. Zbigniew Machynia (zbigniew.machynia@ios.krakow.pl), dr inż. Grzegorz Skrabalak (grzegorz.skrabalak@ios.krakow.pl), mgr inż. Andrzej Stwora (andrzej.stwora@ios.krakow.pl), dr Maria Zybura (maria.zybura@ios.krakow.pl) – Instytut Zaawansowanych Technologii Wytwarzania, ul. Wroclawska 37a, 30-011 Kraków