Pedobiologia 47, 842–845, 2003
© Urban & Fischer Verlag
http://www.urbanfischer.de/journals/pedo
0031-4056/03/47/05–06–842 $15.00/0
*E-mail corresponding author: momin@s6.coopenet.com.ar
The 7th international symposium on earthworm ecology · Cardiff · Wales · 2002
Effect of UV radiation on Eisenia fetida populations
Ariadna Hamman, Fernando Roberto Momo*,Andrés Duhour, Liliana Falco,
Maria Cecilia Sagario and Maria Eugenia Cuadrado
Laboratorio de Ecología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, CC 221, B6700ZAB Luján, Argentina
Submitted September 6, 2002 · Accepted May 20, 2003
Summary
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different UV radiation doses on the population dynamics of
Eisenia fetida. The experiment was performed under laboratory conditions (20 °C, 12 hours light period) in 5 L boxes
with soil and cattle manure with five earthworms per box. Three treatments were established: 1) without UV radia-
tion, 2) with a normal dose of UV radiation (45 ± 5 Watts/m
2
) and 3) with an increased UV dose (60 ± 5 Watts/m
2
).
Four replicates of each treatment were established. Adult earthworms, juveniles and cocoons were counted weekly
over a period of 2 months. Cocoons were removed and incubated and the percentage of fertile cocoons was
recorded. Populations under the three treatments showed a positive rate of increase. However, UV radiation caused
a diminution in E. fetida fecundity from 6.4 ± 0.5 cocoons per individual per week in the treatment (1) to 4.7 ± 0.5
cocoons per individual per week in the treatment (3). UV radiation also caused a decrease in the cocoons’ fertility of
around 70 %. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the population varied from 0.19 to 0.07 month
-1
following the UV
radiation increment.
These results indicate that earthworm populations can be seriously affected by the enhancement of the UV radiation due
to the ozone depletion.
Key words: Eisenia fetida, UV radiation, populations, ozone depletion
The anthropogenic release of volatile compounds such
as chlorofluorocarbons and bromine halons has led to a
steady decline in the concentration of stratospheric
ozone (Anderson et al. 1991; World Meteorological
Organization 1994; Rozema et al. 1997; Björn et al.
1998). This ozone loss is a major factor in the in-
creased amount of UV radiation that reaches the bios-
phere. The enhancement of UV radiation incidence is
an environmental problem that affects all latitudes and
regions in the world and can produce ecological effects
at individual, population, community or whole ecosys-
tem level (Mitchell & Karentz 1993; Piacentini & Her-
mann 1996; Piancentini & Cede 1997; Rozema et al.
1999; Vernet 2000).
Earthworms play an essential role in organic matter
recycling and dynamics. Despite the fact that earth-
worms are little exposed to solar radiation, some of
them are epigeic, living and depositing cocoons on the
soil surface. In some of these species, lethal effects of
UV radiation have been proven (Sicken et al. 1999).
Introduction