330 https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/index Scientifc Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022 Apr 14; 10(G):330-334. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7582 eISSN: 1857-9655 Category: G - Nursing Section: Nursing in Internal Medicine Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbid and Non-comorbid at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya Erika Martining Wardani 1 , Riezky Faisal Nugroho 2 , Difran Nobel Bistara 1 , Raden Khairiyatul Afyah 1,3 , Siti Nur Hasina 1 , Yurike Septianingrum 1 1 Departemen of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia; 2 Departemen of Nutrition, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia; 3 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia Abstract BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a global health emergency. Reports of thousands of cases with morbidity and mortality continue to increase every day. The clinical course of patients with comorbidities infuences the prognosis and progression of the COVID-19 disease. Hypertension is the most common comorbidity of COVID-19 patients with long hospitalizations. AIM: This study aimed to determine the clinical diferences between COVID-19 patients comorbid and non-comorbid. METHODS: The study was conducted retrospectively through samples of medical records of inpatients for the period June 1, 2021–August 31, 2021. The samples were divided into comorbid and non-comorbid groups; each totaling 130 medical records. The sample of the comorbid group was selected by simple random; while the non-comorbid group with the matching process. Data were analyzed using t-test and Wilcoxon. RESULTS: The most common comorbid is hypertension with clinical manifestations of cough, fever, headache, runny nose, painful swallowing, anosmia, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The average length of stay for patients with comorbidities was 21 days and without comorbidities 14 days. The test results showed that there were clinical diferences between patients with comorbid and non-comorbid patients with p = 0.0000 (p > 0.05) and there was a diference in length of stay with p = 0.001 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The clinical diference between COVID-19 patients comorbid and non-comorbid lies in the symptoms of headache with a longer duration of treatment, which is 22 days. More intensive treatment and care is needed for COVID-19 patients with comorbid hypertension. Edited by: Mirko Spiroski Citation: Wardani EM, Nugroho RF, Bistara DN, Afyah RK, Hasina SN, Septianingrum Y. Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbid and Non-comorbid at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Open-Access Maced J Med Sci. 2022 Apr 14; 10(G):330-334. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7582 Keywords: Clinical manifestation; COVID-19; Comorbid; Length of treatment *Correspondence: Erika Martining Wardani, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. E-mail: erika@unusa.ac.id Received: 12-Oct-2021 Revised: 31-Mar-2022 Accepted: 04-Apr-2022 Copyright: © 2022 Erika Martining Wardani, Riezky Faisal Nugroho, Difran Nobel Bistara, Raden Khairiyatul Afyah, Siti Nur Hasina, Yurike Septianingrum Funding: This study received funding from the LPPM Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Indonesia Competing Interest: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists Open Access: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus which is currently endemic and has become a global pandemic [1]. The COVID-19 outbreak has been declared a global health emergency due to reports of thousands of cases and evidence of human-to-human transmission [2]. The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an unprecedented burden on the health system [3]. The COVID pandemic has not only burdened intensive care units with an infux of critically ill patients, but has also challenged the capacity of the health system to respond to the needs of non-severe patients who require the necessary examinations and treatment [4]. The mortality and morbidity rate of COVID continues to increase every day [5]. Based on data from the World Health Organization as of December 27, 2020, there were a total of 79,231,893 COVID-19 cases spread throughout the world with a total death of 1,754,574 people [6]. The COVID-19 Handling Task Force (2021) reported that as of January 3, 2021, data on the distribution of COVID-19 in Indonesia was 765,350 confrmed cases, 22,734 cases died, and 110,679 cases were active or under treatment. About 11.3% (86,361 cases) were confrmed in East Java Province and most of them came from Surabaya City (18,288 cases) [7]. The number of cases treated at Soetomo Hospital in Surabaya starting from March to July 2020 as many as 1432 cases. COVID-19 appears in varying degrees of severity [3]. Most cases of COVID-19 show mild symptoms and 50% of infected people are asymptomatic [8]. However, in about 20% of patients, the disease causes severe clinical consequences that require hospitalization and some cases require intensive care [9]. The patient’s condition and the presence of comorbidities associated with the condition infuence the prognosis and progression of COVID-19 disease [10]. That patients with advanced age,