Maximizing Efficiency of Large Scale Homogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks Yamuna Devi C R 1 , S H Manjula 1 , K R Venugopal 1 , L M Patnaik 2 1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore University Bangalore, India yamuna_devicr@yahoo.com 2 Honorary Professor, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, India shmanjula@yahoo.com Abstract— Wireless Sensor Networks is a set of sensors deployed in the area of interest, for the purpose of monitoring physical or environmental conditions. Due to limited battery capacity of sensors, Wireless Sensor Networks have limited lifetime. A large number of sensors deployed in a circular grid, sending the sensed data to base station located at the center are considered and the parameters of interest are monitored. This paper proposes two algorithms to enhance the lifetime, reliability and throughput of the Wireless Sensor Network. The first algorithm Reliable Zone Based Transmission (RZBT) reschedules the packet transmission time of the sensor nodes, to reduce the loss of packets and ensures reliability of network functioning. The second algorithm Energy Efficient Reduced Transmission (EERT) reduces the number of transmissions, without the loss of data, thus extending lifetime of the network. Simulation results prove that RZBT outperforms conventional DiReCT Transmission (DRCT) and EERT reduces the packets transmitted in each round, thus improves the lifetime of the sensor node and the network. Index Terms— Energy Balancing, Reliability, Throughput, Wireless Sensor Networks, Zone Division. I. INTRODUCTION The function of sensors in a Wireless Sensor Network is to report the sensed data to the base station at regular interval of times. Major applications of Wireless Sensor Networks are environment monitoring, target tracking, intrusion detection, health monitoring and machine failure diagnosis. Sensor nodes have limited initial power storage, because of size and weight constraints. So, minimal energy consumption by a node for receiving, transmitting and for sensing activities, is the first challenge in Wireless Sensor Networks. The second challenge in a Wireless Sensor Network is the Packet Delivery Factor. Making sure that, most of the packets sent are received at the destination node, is a measure of performance of the network. Wireless Sensor Networks find applications in many fields of real life. Initially, Wireless Sensor Networks were applied in the Military field, for intruder detection, enemy movement detection and battle field surveillance. Wireless Sensor Networks are used in emergency situations like fire detection, water detection © Elsevier, 2014 Proc. of Int. Conf. on Control, Communication and Power Engineering, CCPE