ScienceDirect
IFAC-PapersOnLine 49-27 (2016) 135–139
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2405-8963 © 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Peer review under responsibility of International Federation of Automatic Control.
10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.10.732
© 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: islanded microgrid, energy management, dispatch optimization, multiple generators
1. INTRODUCTION
The microgrids are integrating many times renewable energy
resources like photovoltaic systems, geothermal and biomass
generators, wind turbines. There are many studies in the last
decade concerning the optimal operation of the microgrids,
both for those islanded [Khodaei (2014), Liang et al. (2012),
Raj et al. (2016)] and for those connected to the grid [Rigo-
Mariani et al. 2014]. Some of them are targeting optimality
from the viewpoint of the quality-of-service in electricity
[Huang et al. (2014)], while others are seeking an operation
that is optimal in the sense of reducing the cost of the
produced energy [Alfieri et al. (2015), Narayanaswamy et al.
(2012), Parhizi et al. (2015), Rahbar et al. (2015), Zhu
(2015)]. Once an installation using multiple renewables is
commissioned, its operation as microgrid can be optimized
by looking for the most appropriate scheduling [Cao et al.
(2016), Ding (2015), Glassley (2014), Liang et al. (2012),
Zhang et al. (2013)].
Many algorithms (relying on various numerical methods and
optimization techniques) were proposed for such optimized
scheduling [Fossati et al. (2015), Morais et al. (2010),
Mohammadi et al. (2014), Parisio et al. (2011), Sartor (2012)]
and their performance was compared through computer
simulations.
As indicated in [Zhu (2015)], the economic dispatch (ED)
problem is one of the fundamental problems in the power
system, aiming to reduce the total power generation cost,
subject to system security constraints. The problem is
complex in the case of smart grids integrating multiple
renewables due to the uncertainty of their availability and to
the integration of chargeable and dischargeable storage.
The REMSIS project is targeting at the development of an
experimental islanded microgrid system that can serve as a
test bed for various integration strategies of three renewable
sources: photovoltaic, biomass and geothermal. The energy is
generated by a geothermal generator, a biomass generator and
a solar unit in an AC voltage bus (230V, 50Hz) created by a
grid-forming inverter, as depicted in Fig. 1.
The main aspects that are investigated are:
- the scheduling of the generators,
- stable control of the generation units,
- development of a SCADA system (Fig. 2) able to
monitor the variables that are relevant for characterizing the
operation of the various blocks (voltages, powers, weather
parameters).
Fig.1. Experimental islanded microgrid system [Lázár et al.
(2016)]
Abstract: This paper investigates different procedures for economic power dispatching in an islanded
microgrid with multiple generators. Optimal scheduling strategies are introduced considering the
forecasts for both consumption (powering of greenhouse equipment) and production (photovoltaic
systems, geothermal and biomass generators). Several dispatching scenarios were generated using
constrained optimization procedures. The paper introduces an experimental system equipped with smart
metering instruments intended as a setup for validating the results obtained.
Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*Department of Automation
**Department of Applied Electronics
Daniel Moga*, Dorin Petreuș**, Vlad Mureșan*, Nicoleta Stroia*, Gloria Cosovici*
Optimal generation scheduling in islanded microgrids