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© 2022 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.
PRECIOUS METALS PRICE FORECAST WITH ARCH FAMILY MODELS IN COVID-19
PANDEMIC PERIOD
Hakan Oner
1+
Selma Oner
2
1
Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Nisantasi
University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Email: hakan.oner@nisantasi.edu.tr
2
Vocational School of Social Sciences, Department of Finance, Banking and
Insurance, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Turkey.
Email: selmasimen@gmail.com
(+ Corresponding author)
ABSTRACT
Article History
Received: 18 March 2022
Revised: 6 May 2022
Accepted: 20 May 2022
Published: 10 June 2022
Keywords
Covid-19 pandemic
Precious metals
Price forecasting
ARCH model
GARCH model
T-GARCH model
T-GARCH model
PARCH model.
JEL Classification:
C53; F30; G15.
The COVID-19 virus, which was detected for the first time in Wuhan, China in
December 2019, spread to all countries of the world and, therefore, became a global
epidemic. Although more than two years have passed since the outbreak of the COVID-
19 pandemic, the economic effects of it continue. One of these is the effect of the
pandemic on precious metal prices. Precious metals, which are called safe harbours and
used as investment tools, have had a serious volatility in the last century as a result of
the economic, political and pandemic factors changing the international balances. From
this point of view, in this study, it is aimed to determine the appropriate forecasting
model to predict the volatility of gold, silver, platinum and palladium prices, which are
called precious metals, during the COVID-19 pandemic period. The econometric
analysis covers the period between March 11, 2020, when the global epidemic was
declared by the World Health Organization, and September 13, 2021, and includes 326
days of observation. To determine the appropriate forecasting model, ARCH, GARCH,
T-GARCH, E-GARCH and PARCH are used as symmetrical and asymmetrical
volatility models.
Contribution/Originality: This study investigated which of the ARCH family symmetric and asymmetric
models could be the best forecasting model for the volatility of precious metal prices during the COVID-19
pandemic.
1. INTRODUCTION
Since 1973, when the fixed exchange rate regimes came to an end, unprecedented uncertainties began to
emerge in the financial markets. The uncertainties that started to be experienced in the financial markets pushed the
investors to work on reducing the uncertainty mathematically and statistically. The increasing importance of risk
and uncertainty in today's financial world has necessitated the development of econometric time series that enable
the modeling of variance and covariance depending on time. The use of conditional variability models has become
widespread for analyzing time-dependent variability (volatility) in high-frequency financial data (Telatar & Binay,
2002). Previously, standard deviation was used to determine the volatility in financial markets, then ARCH type
statistical methods began to be applied.
The Economics and Finance Letters
2022 Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 78-86.
ISSN(e): 2312-430X
ISSN(p): 2312-6310
DOI: 10.18488/29.v9i1.3023
© 2022 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.