Kesmas: National Public Health Journal Copyright @ 2019, Kesmas: National Public Health Journal, p-ISSN: 1907-7505, e-ISSN: 2460-0601, Accreditation Number: 30/E/KPT/2018, http://journal.fkm.ui.ac.id/kesmas Midwife’s Role in the Mother-to-Child Transmission Prevention Program in Primary Health Care in Yogyakarta Niken Meilani 1 *, Nanik Setiyawati 1 , Sammy Onyapidi Barasa 2 Correspondence* : Niken Meilani, Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Mangkuyudan MJ III Street No. 304, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 55143, Phone: +6274-374331, E-mail: nikenbundaqueena@gmail.com Received : November 14 th 2018 Revised : May 9 th 2019 Accepted : July 15 th 2019 1 Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2 Nursing Department, Kenya Medical Training College, Chuka Campus, Kenya, East Africa Meilani et al. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal. 2019; 14 (2): 88-94 DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v14i2.2774 How to Cite: Meilani N, Setiyawati N, Barasa SO. Midwife’s role in the mother-to-child transmission prevention program in primary health care in Yogyakarta. Kesmas: Public Health Journal. 2019; 14 (2): 88-94. (doi: 10.21109/kesmas.v14i2.2774) Introduction The impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), is still a major global public health concern. For instance, as of 2018, nearly 37.9 million individuals were living with the virus. However, there are persistent renewed efforts and commitments to halt and reverse the HIV pandemic. This has been seen in efforts such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG-3) which aims at ensuring universal access to HIV prevention services and to end HIV as a global threat by the year 2030. In the year 2018 out of the 1.7 million new HIV infections reported worldwide, 160,000 of them were among children aged 0-14 years. 1 According to the Indonesian AIDS Committee in 2015, only five people were known to be suffering from AIDS in Indonesia in 1987. However, the number of AIDS cases in 2007 had jumped significantly, up to 17,699 cases, and 3,586 died. HIV attacks the immune system and damages a subtype of white blood cells called T lymphocyte or T cells, resulting in immunodeficiency and ended with AIDS. 2,3 In 2014 there were 501,400 cases of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. People suffering from HIV/AIDS were spread throughout 32 provinces and 300 sub-regions/cities. The majority of people suffering from the disease were in the reproductive range of 15–29 years old. Today, the number of HIV/AIDS cases being reported in Indonesia is still just the tip of the iceberg. The estimated number of actual cases has reached 270,000 people and in Yogyakarta, and the incidence of HIV continues to rise annually. 2,4 Vertical transmission (mother-to-child) is a major pathway for HIV infection in children. World Health Abstract Curing and eradicating Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are to the core principles of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The incidence of HIV in the world remains high. Although midwives play a pivotal role in PMTCT implementation, the factors associated with midwives’ role in its implementation are not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with midwives’ role in implementation of PMTCT. This study used a cross-sectional design. The subjects were 80 midwives at 14 primary health care in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. The study was conducted from April to August 2017. Data were analyzed through univariate, bivariate with chi-square and Fisher’s exact test, multivariate with logistic regression. The results showed that 47.5% of midwives were in the poor category regarding implementation of PMTCT. Information availability through socialization (p-value = 0.047) and knowledge level (p-value = 0.016) were found to be related to PMTCT implementation. There was no relationship between age, length of work, education level, marital status, availability of information, midwife’s attitude, perception of the availability of facilities and institutional support with midwife behavior in PMTCT implementation. Multivariate analysis showed that level of knowledge was the most dominant factor affecting PMTCT implementation (OR = 6.2; CI 95% = 1.8-21.4). We recommend that efforts should be made to continuously improve the knowledge of midwives on PMTCT implementation through peer support and training in order to achieve sustainable development goals. Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, midwives, pregnant, prevention