American Journal of Applied Sciences 9 (4): 496-504, 2012
ISSN 1546-9239
© 2012 Science Publications
Correspondent Author: Margaretha Ari Aggorowati, Department of Statistics, Institute Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia
496
Restructuring and Expanding Technology Acceptance
Model Structural Equation Model and Bayesian Approach
1
Margaretha Ari Aggorowati,
1
Nur Iriawan,
1
Suhartono and
2
Hasyim Gautama
1
Department of Statistics, Institute Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia
2
Department of Statistics, Institute of Statistics, Indonesia
Abstract: Problem statement: Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is one of models that analyze
user behavior to accept and use a new technology. SEM is the most statistical method which use in
TAM analysis that provides the estimation strength of all hypothesized relationship between variables
in a theoretical model. Consider to employing the standard SEM in TAM analysis which expected
large data, the sample size become a crucial problem. Population census data processing is Indonesian
government statistical program that needs supporting a computer technology in order to obtain
accurate data and less time processing. It is needed to understand the user acceptance in mandatory
environment with limited users. Approach: Estimation SEM with Bayesian method is an alternative to
solve the sample size problem. This study the developing TAM in the implementation of census data
processing system with limitation of sample size and extension of statistical methods of TAM’s
analysis with Structural Equation Model (SEM) Bayesian approach. The TAM theory of this study
implemented the constructs of TAM3: subjective norm, output quality, result demonstrability, perception of
external control, compatibility and experience, perceived ease of use, perceived of usefulness. The others
constructs are organizational interventions: management support, design characteristic, training,
organizational support. Results: The result have shown that from the model there are significant relations
between first: management support to subjective norm, second: subjective norm to perceived of usefulness,
third: training, perception of external control to perceived ease of use. Residual analysis show that residuals
are close to zero. Conclusion: Estimation of TAM using SEM and Bayesian methods with MCMC and
Gibbs Sampler algorithm could handle the small sample size problem.
Key words: Information Technology (IT), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Structural
Equation Model (SEM), Bayesian
INTRODUCTION
Information Technology (IT) is technology artifact
and it has not been coming in vacuum area. The
implementation of information technology could be
different in every field. How the IT reach the
optimum performance will depend on the user’s
acceptance of the technology. Since 1980 more
researchers have been focusing on the user’s
intention to use a new technology (Zhang et al.,
2008). Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is one
of models that analyze user behavior to accept and
use a new technology. TAM has been implemented
in many field studies. TAM became popular, because
it is simple and easy to understand (King and He,
2006). As a theory, like an organic being, TAM has
ceaselessly evolved (Lee et al., 2003).
Some researchers have expanded to find the
progress of TAM (Samah et al., 2011; Mohd et al.,
2011). The studies have developed in a specific field or
in a comprehensive study with meta analysis. In
conjunction with the progress of diffusion innovation
technology, TAM’s analysis has been employed in
many areas of researches. It could be focus on
theoretical perspectives or practical views. The goal of
TAM studies is having explanation of user acceptance
in a new technology and the restriction that induce the
user acceptance. It performed an analysis of the
implementation a new technology which fit with user
requirement in different circumstance.
The literature study from 108 leading journals,
show the most common problems which became
limitation in TAM researches can be grouped in some