57 Izvirni znanstveni članek/Artcle (1.01) Bogoslovni vestnik/Theological Quarterly 81 (2021) 1,57—74 Besedilo prejeto/Received:10/2020; sprejeto/Accepted:03/2021 UDK/UDC: 26-27:343.33 DOI: 10.34291/BV2021/01/Roubalova © 2021 Roubalová et al., CC BY 4.0 Marie Roubalová, Roman Králik, Natalia A. Zaitseva, George S. Anikin, Olga V. Popova and Peter Kondrla Rabbinic Judaism’s Perspectve on the First Crimes Against Humanity 1 Prvi zločini prot človeštvu z vidika rabinskega judo- vstva Abstract: This artcle focuses on the frst recorded crimes (sins) against humanity in the context of the broader and more fundamental issue of human life’s in- trinsic value and dignity. An analysis of the views of rabbinic Judaism reveals a network of concepts that are dynamically intertwined. They originate from a strictly monotheistc framework (worldview) of Judaism that helps resolve whe- ther a person is allowed to end his life for the sake of others. Careful analysis and interpretaton of the frst three acts of violence recorded in the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) reveal the catastrophic consequences of choosing to end another’s life without considering its intrinsic value while ignoring the intrinsic value of the other and his dignity and assuming that humans have the power to decide the fate of another human being, to distance humanity from God (from God’s presence), trapping humans in the idolatry of materialism. More- over, the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) allows for a factual assessment and distncton between diferent acts of violence. It ofers guidance, protecton, and hope, for both victms and perpetrators, in the drama of creaton and salvaton. Keywords: rabbinic Judaism, crimes against humanity, sin, murder, Cain, Abel, the value of human life, Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) Povzetek: Članek se osredotoča na prve zabeležene zločine (grehe) proti človeštvu v kontekstu širšega in bolj temeljnega vprašanja notranje (intrinzične) vrednosti in dostojanstva človeškega življenja. Analiza pogledov rabinskega judovstva 1 This artcle was published with the support of the Slovak Research and Development Agency under contract No. APVV-17-0158 - Constantne the Philosopher University in Nitra, the Kazan Federal Univer- sity Strategic Academic Leadership Program, Russian Academic Excellence Project 5 - 100 of the I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), the Program of Development of Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federaton for 2020. The correspondent author of the artcle is Roman Králik(RUDN University).