Journal of Environmental Protection, 2018, 9, 1171-1184
http://www.scirp.org/journal/jep
ISSN Online: 2152-2219
ISSN Print: 2152-2197
DOI: 10.4236/jep.2018.911073 Oct. 26, 2018 1171 Journal of Environmental Protection
Development of an Integrated Coastal
Vulnerability Index for the Ivorian
Coast in West Africa
René A. Tano
1
, Angora Aman
2*
, Elisée Toualy
2
, Yves K. Kouadio
2
,
Bouo Bella Djézia François-Xavier
1
, Kwasi Appeaning Addo
3
1
Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Physics, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
2
Climate Tropical Team, Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics and Fluid Mechanics, Felix Houphouet Boigny University of Cocody,
Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
3
Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
Abstract
This study assesses the vulnerable state of the 566-km Ivorian coastal area
using the physical (geomorphology, coastal slope, coastal retreat rate, relative
sea level rise and wave/Tide energy) and socio-economic (coastal population
density, harbor, airport, road, land use and protected area) factors as indica-
tors. This enabled an Integrated Coastal Vulnerability Index to be determined
for the Ivorian coastal zone. This Index could be defined as the weighted av-
erage of indexes based on physical and socio-economic factors. The study re-
vealed that vulnerability of the western and the eastern coastlines of Cote
d’Ivoire are strongly influenced by human activities, while physical forcing
affects significantly the vulnerability of the central section. The relative vul-
nerability of the different sections depends also strongly on the geomorphol-
ogy, wave energy, coastal population density and land use factors. The west
and central sections of the coastline are more resilient than the eastern sec-
tion when integrating physical and socio-economic factors. The Integrated
Coastal Vulnerability Index, based on physical and socio-economic factors,
appears to be more appropriate for coastal vulnerability assessment. These
results could be useful in the development of adaptation strategies to increase
the resilience of this coastal area and then extended for West Africa Coastal
Areas Management.
Keywords
Integrated Coastal Vulnerability Index, Ivorian Coast, Socio-Economic
Pressure, Physical Forcing
How to cite this paper: Tano, R.A., Aman,
A., Toualy, E., Kouadio, Y.K., François-
Xavier, B.B.D. and Addo, K.A. (2018) De-
velopment of an Integrated Coastal Vulne-
rability Index for the Ivorian Coast in West
Africa. Journal of Environmental Protec-
tion, 9, 1171-1184.
https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2018.911073
Received: September 2, 2018
Accepted: October 23, 2018
Published: October 26, 2018
Copyright © 2018 by authors and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access