World Nutrition Journal vol.1 No. 1 July 2017 | http://dx.doi.org/10.25220/WNJ.V01i1.0004 13 Abstract—Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare gastric emptying time, hunger response, and blood glucose level after drinking specific oral nutritional supplements (S-ONS) to tea with sugar in healthy adults. Methods: This study was a clinical, parallel, random allocation, and single-blind trial. This study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta. The subjects were 12 healthy adults divided into 2 groups: intervention group (n = 6) and control group (n = 6). Patients in the intervention group received 200 mL S-ONS (200 kcal, 18% protein, 20% fat and 62% carbohydrate) and control group received 200 mL of tea with 10 grams of sugar (40 kcal). Gastric volume was measured using 2D-sonography every 30 minutes. Blood glucose level was measured using blood peripheral sample. Hunger response was measured using visual analog scale (VAS). Results: Gastric emptying time in the intervention group was <90 minutes, and in the control group <60 minutes. Blood glucose level was increased in the intervention group and decreased in control group. Hunger response was decreased in intervention group and increased in control group. Conclusion: Gastric emptying time after either drinking S-ONS and drinking tea with sugar in healthy adults subjects were less than 2 hours. Patients receiving S-ONS had significantly higher blood glucose level and were less hungry than the control group. Keywords: ONS, gastric emptying time, blood- glucose level, hunger response INTRODUCTION Fasting before medical procedures, such as elective surgery, abdominal ultrasound scanning, endoscopy scanning, and intubation, is standard protocol to ensure that the stomach is empty and avoid pulmonary aspiration. 1 Preoperative guidelines state that the minimum duration for fasting before surgery is two hours for clear fluids and six hours for light meal. 2-4 The guidelines do not include the provision of oral nutritional supplements (ONS), which is more complete in nutritional content, able to meet nutritional needs, and able to reduce hunger as well as maintain blood glucose level. 5 The stress of surgery may be tolerated by children when they are fed up to 2 h before elective surgery. 6 A case report by Sutanto et al, 2009 7 concluded that the preoperative nutrition management of patient with ONS resulted in more satisfaction, less hunger, less thirst, and reduced postoperative nausea and vomiting compared to the patient not receiving ONS during the preoperative period. Oral nutritional supplement could be used as a nutritional choice in preoperative fasting guidelines, therefore the gastric emptying rate after drinking ONS needs to be determined. Research on gastric emptying rate after drinking 200 mL of specific ONS (S-ONS) with a formula was initiated by Sutanto et al in 2010. 5 They found that the gastric emptying rate after drinking 200 mL of S-ONS with a specific formula was less than two hours. The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of gastric emptying, hunger, and blood glucose levels after consuming either S-ONS and tea with sugar. METHODS The study design was a clinical, parallel, random allocation, and single-blind trial. Data was collected in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, from May - June 2011 after the proposal was approved by the Ethical Clearance Research Committee of Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia. The target population was healthy adult patients and the subjects were those who met the THE EFFECTS OF SPECIFIC ORAL NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS COMPARED TO TEA WITH SUGAR ON GASTRIC EMPTYING TIME, BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL, AND HUNGER RESPONSE IN HEALTHY ADULTS †Stella E Bella, 1 Luciana B Sutanto, 1 Jacob Pandelaki 2 1 Indonesian Nutrition Association, Jakarta, Indonesia 2 Dept. of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia