Iron(II) and Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing
Bidentate, Tied-Back Diphosphonite Ligands. X-ray
Structure of
cis-FeMe
2
[(-OCH
2
CEt
2
CH
2
O-)PCH
2
CH
2
P(-OCH
2
CEt
2
CH
2
O-)]
2
Xinggao Fang, Brian L. Scott, John G. Watkin, and Gregory J. Kubas*
Chemistry Division, MS J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory,
Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
Received December 1, 2000
Summary: trans-RuCl
2
(PP)
2
(2) and cis-FeCl
2
(PP)
2
(4)
have been synthesized by the reaction of the diphospho-
nite 1,2-bis((2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanedioxy)phosphino)-
ethane (PP) with RuCl
2
(Ph
3
P)
3
and FeCl
2
, respectively.
Complex 4 was converted to cis-FeMe
2
(PP)
2
(5), for which
a molecular structure was obtained.
Fe(II) and Ru(II) diphosphine complexes have been
extensively studied for decades with various applica-
tions, including small-molecule activation.
1
However, we
have been surprised to find no literature report on
analogous Fe(II) or Ru(II) complexes containing diphos-
phonites. We have been interested in small-molecule
activation on electrophilic transition-metal complexes
with ligands that cannot offer intramolecular agostic
C-H bond interaction.
2
Complexes of this nature can
potentially coordinate extremely weak ligands such as
alkanes, which otherwise cannot compete with entropi-
cally favored agostic interactions. The new diphospho-
nite 1,2-bis((2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanedioxy)phosphino)-
ethane ligand (1; denoted as PP) appears to be a good
ligand for such Fe(II) and Ru(II) complexes because of
(1) its lack of internal agostic interaction capability and
(2) weaker electron-donating ability compared to diphos-
phine analogues. We report here on some Fe(II)/Ru(II)
complexes containing ligand 1.
As shown in Scheme 1, the ruthenium(II) dichloride
2 was synthesized by the reaction of RuCl
2
(Ph
3
P)
3
with
1, which was synthesized in high yield by the reaction
of Cl
2
PCH
2
CH
2
PCl
2
with Et
2
C(CH
2
OH)
2
on the basis of
the preparation of similar ligands.
3
The
31
P NMR
chemical shifts of 1 and 2 are δ 174.0 and 203.8,
respectively.
Reaction of 2 with AgPF
6
in CH
2
Cl
2
apparently leads
to removal of one chloride and formation of a white solid
3 that is not soluble in CH
2
Cl
2
but is slightly soluble in
more coordinating acetone (Scheme 1). Complex 3 shows
one
31
P NMR signal at δ 202.2 in acetone-d
6
, very close
to the value of δ 203.8 for the neutral complex 2. The
1
H NMR shows two closely spaced triplets near δ 0.9
(methyl protons of two sets of inequivalent Et groups
which are integrated as 24H total), and five other
multiplet signals integrated as 8H each for the five
inequivalent types of methylene protons (including those
for the two inequivalent Et groups). This is similar to
the pattern for 2, except the latter shows one signal
(16H) at δ 4.03 instead of two for 3 at δ 3.99 and 4.27
(8H each). These signals apparently result from the
methylene protons adjacent to oxygen on the diphos-
phonite ligand, which presumably become inequivalent
upon removal of a chloride to form 3. It is possible that
the inequivalency results from one set of methylenes
lying closer to the open coordination site than the other.
Although the distances from the methylene C-H to the
metal are much too long to be considered agostic, there
may be a small perturbation leading to an NMR shift
to lower field. Another possibility is that the “open” site
may be weakly binding solvent or chloride from another
molecule of 3, as will be discussed below.
Solid 3, which did not react with the tied-back
phosphite P(OCH
2
)
3
CMe at room temperature, is likely
to be a polymeric species bridged by chlorides to form
chains, which may be at least partially broken on
dissolving 3 in acetone. This is in contrast to analogous
cationic diphosphine complexes such as [RuCl(dicyclo-
hexylphosphinoethane)
2
]
+ 4a
and [RuCl(diphenylphos-
phinoethane)
2
]
+
,
4b
which exist as discrete 16e five-
coordinate molecules. The difference is possibly due to
the fact that the Ru(II) cation in 3 is (1) more electro-
philic (phosphonites are not as strongly donating as
phosphines), (2) is less sterically crowded, and (3) has
no internal agostic protection. All these factors encour-
age coordination to Ru(II) from the chloride of another
Ru(II) molecule, and for steric reasons (bulky diphos-
phonites), the halide bridge may be linear, a rare but
not unprecedented geometry.
5
Replacement of one or
both chlorides in 2 with a group that does not contain
lone pairs such as hydride or alkyl could lead to a 16e
complex such as 3 that presumably would not oligomer-
ize. However, reaction of the diphosphonite ligand 1
(1) For selected recent examples, see for Ru(II): (a) Schlaf, M.;
Lough, A. J.; Morris, R. H. Organometallics 1997, 16, 1253. (b)
Rocchini, E.; Mezzetti, A.; Ruegger, H.; Burckhardt, U.; Gramlich, V.;
Del Zotto, A.; Martinuzzi, P. Rigo, P. Inorg. Chem. 1997, 36, 711. (c)
Six, C.; Gabor, B.; Gorls, H.; Mynott, R.; Philipps, P.; Leitner, W.
Organometallics 1999, 18, 3316. (d) Stoop, R. M.; Bauer, C.; Setz, P.;
Worle, M.; Wong, T. Y. H.; Mezzetti, A.; Organometallics 1999, 18,
5691. (e) Martelletti, A.; Gramlich, V.; Zurcher, F.; Mezzetti, A. New
J. Chem. 1999, 23, 199. For Fe(II): (f) Landau, S. E.; Morris, R. H.;
Lough, A. J. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 6060. (g) Bennett, M. A.; Ditzel,
E. J.; Hunter, A. D.; Khan, K.; Kopp, M. R.; Neumann, H.; Robertson,
G. B.; Zeh, H. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 2000, 1733.
(2) (a) Fang, X.-G.; Vincent, J. H.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. J. J.
Organomet. Chem. 2000, 609, 95. (b) Fang, X.-G.; Scott, B. L.; John,
K. D.; Kubas, G. J. Organometallics 2000, 19, 4141.
(3) Squires, M. E.; Sardellas, D. J.; Kool, L. B. Organometallics 1994,
13, 2970.
(4) (a) Mezzetti, A.; Del Zotto, A.; Rigo, P.; Pahor, N. B. J. Chem.
Soc., Dalton Trans. 1989, 1045. (b) Chin, B.; Lough, A. J.; Morris, R.
H.; Schweitzer, C. T.; D’Agostino, C. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 6278.
2413 Organometallics 2001, 20, 2413-2416
10.1021/om001025+ CCC: $20.00 © 2001 American Chemical Society
Publication on Web 05/01/2001