IBIMA Publishing
Journal of Human Resources Management Research
http://www.ibimapublishing.com/journals/JHRMR/jhrmr.html
Vol. 2011 (2011), Article ID 582992, 9 pages
DOI: 10.5171/2011.582992
Copyright © 2011 Susan Tee Suan Chin, R.N. Anantharaman and David Yoon Kin Tong. This is an open access
article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License unported 3.0, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that original work is properly cited. Contact
author: Susan Tee Suan Chin e-maill: tschin@mmu.edu.my
The Roles of Emotional Intelligence and
Spiritual Intelligence at the Workplace
Susan Tee Suan Chin, R.N. Anantharaman and David Yoon Kin Tong
Faculty of Business and Law, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia
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Abstract
The workplace environment keeps on changing, indicating its dynamic nature as well as
unpredictability. The workforce is now more diverse, not only in terms of age but also of
nationality. Globalization has made the world boundaryless and people are now mobile.
Organizations require its employees to be more committed as well as to have a better cohesive
working interrelationship. Emotional Intelligence is the ability to sense, understand and effectively
apply the power and acumen of emotions as a source of human energy, information, connection and
influence. Spiritual intelligence is the set of abilities that individuals use to apply, manifest and
embody spiritual resources, values and qualities in ways that enhance their daily functioning and
well-being. With both these intelligences happening in the workplace, the environment will be
more conducive. A better working environment relates to a higher level of productivity.
Keywords : Emotional Intelligence, Spiritual Intelligence, Interpersonal relationships
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Introduction
The nature of work is constantly changing
(Biberman and Whitty 1997). This is evident
in the kinds of jobs that employees used to be
engaged for. Traditional concept of lifetime
employment has also changed. Employees of
the future need to demonstrate to the
organizations that they can add value to the
organization (Harari 1993). Organizations
from not only Japan but also the United
States of America have started to show an
interest in spiritual values (Brandt 1996,
Galen 1996, Labbs 1995, Vicek 1992).
Organizational soul and workforce spirit
have often been overlooked and ignored by
many (Biberman and Whitty 1997). Work life
reaches and touches into the very soul and
spirit of all employees at work. Those at
work are constantly seeking ways to improve
themselves and a sense of contribution to
their work life. Workplace unity creates a
stronger organization, one that can
withstand the uncertainties in this dynamic
business environment. This form of spirit
requires not only the spiritual intelligence
but also emotional intelligence. Emotional
Intelligence has garnered attention from
psychologist, educators, leadership theorists
and business leaders (Burbach, et. al 2003).
Due to globalization, workplaces have a
diversity of employees. As with diversity,
collaboration, co-operation and teamwork
have become increasingly important issues
for management to handle. The current
prime minister of Malaysia Datuk Seri Najib
Tun Abdul Razak has unveiled the new
economic model which will act as the driver
for the economy. The new economic model
requires the best of human capital (The Star
2009). The workplace constitutes people.
With people, there needs to be relationships.
Employees with good interpersonal skills
should be seen as a valuable asset. The