Af frmation and Negation
Reading Avicenna’s Al-‘Ibara Alongside
Hellenistic Commentators
E. Burak Şaman
*
Abstract: Te relation of priority and posteriority between the afrmation and negation, which Aristotle
put forth in Peri Hermêneias, has had some important consequences in terms of logical attribution and
judgement. Te problem encountered here is the question of whether afrmation (i.e., afrming something
of something) and negation (i.e., denying something of something) share the same status as a statement
(qawl). In the ffth chapter of the frst article (I.5) of al-‘Ibāra, the volume from al-Shifā corpus that
corresponds to Peri Hermêneias, Avicenna deals with afrmation and negation in terms of these logical
consequences and reveals his own position on the subject by way of distinguishing between attribution
and judgement. However, the text of al-Shaikh al-Raīs presents some obscurities for the reader. Te reason
behind this obscurity is that a debate taking place among Hellenistic commentators lies in the background
of Avicenna’s text. Tis article proposes to study this text alongside the Hellenistic commentators in order to
better understand the logical problem in the relevant passages from al-‘Ibāra. Our guide in this reading will
be Boethius, who wrote a Latin commentary on Peri Hermêneias. In the present study, I will try to reveal how
the positions of the Hellenistic commentators (i.e., Alexander of Aphrodisias, Porphyry, and Syrianus), whose
views Boethius conveyed, coincide with the views Avicenna defended and criticized regarding afrmation
and negation. In this respect, my reading in this article aims to better understand Avicenna’s relevant text
and its logical extensions as well as the dimensions of his relationship with Hellenistic commentators.
Keywords: afrmation, negation, statement, attribution, judgement, logic, al-‘Ibāra, Peri Hermêneias,
Avicenna, Aristotle, Boethius, Alexander of Aphrodisias, Porphyry, Syrianus
* Assist. Prof., İstanbul 29 Mayıs University, Faculty of Literature, Department of Philosophy.
Correspondence: e.b.saman@gmail.com
Şaman, E. Burak. “Afrmation and Negation: Reading Avicenna’s Al-‘Ibara Alongside
Hellenistic Commentators”, Nazariyat 8/1 (May 2022): 1-24.
Atıf© dx.doi.org/10.12658/Nazariyat.8.1.M0179en DOI
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4857-2764
Received 3 March 2022 22 March 2022 Accepted