reflection practice on cognitive emotion regulation and resilience among mothers of premature neonates. Nursing Practice Today. 2022; 9(3):211-220 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International license (https:/creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Noncommercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly Cited Nursing Practice Today Original Article Exploring the effects of self-reflection practice on cognitive emotion regulation and resilience among mothers of premature neonates Fatemeh Khoshnavay Fomani 1 , Jila Mirlashari 2,3 , Hamid Sharif Nia 4 , Jamalodin Begjani 3 , Farzaneh Khoshakhlagh 3,5 *, Maryam Shiri 3,5 , Erfan Teymuri 3 1 Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Women's Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada 3 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 5 Nursing Faculty, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received 10 November 2021 Accepted 21 February 2022 Available online at: http://npt.tums.ac.ir Background & Aim: Despite the well-known benefits of practicing self-reflection in educational settings, little is known regarding the effects of applying it in clinical settings. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of self- reflective practice on cognitive emotion regulation and resilience of mothers of preterm infants in the NICU. Methods & Materials: A total of 90 mothers whose preterm infants were admitted to NICU enrolled in the current non-randomized clinical trial study by convenience sampling (n=45 in each group). The data of the control group were gathered prior to the intervention group. Pre- and post-test data were gathered using the demographic questionnaire, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and the Conner and Davidson Resilience Scale. Self–reflection practice was designed and conducted based on Gibbs' reflective cycle for the intervention group, which applied a blended model (face-to-face and virtual). Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS-25 and using the repeated measure ANOVA. Results: Using ANCOVA, the results indicated that the self-reflection practice was effective in improving cognitive emotion regulation (F=66.01, P≤0.001, Eta=0.60) and resilience (F=89.43, P≤0.001, Eta= 0.67) among mothers in the intervention group. Conclusion: Self-reflection practice was an effective intervention for improving mothers’ skills, helping them be more resilient, and assisting them in regulating their emotions. Further studies should support the current study findings in different clinical settings. Keywords: family-centered care; reflection; cognitive emotion regulation; resilience; premature infants *Corresponding Author: Farzaneh Khoshakhlagh, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Nursing Faculty, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: farzanehkhoshakhlagh178@gmail.com Introduction The birth of a premature newborn and later admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is the most vital supply of stress for mothers (1). Role change, catastrophizing (2), unfamiliarity with complexities of technology (3), communication and infant-parent attachment disorders, fear of losing the newborn, and uncertainty about the future are the common sources of stress for mothers. Also, the mothers of preterm neonates experience stigma, guilt, fault, and self-blame (4, 5). They may experience social isolation and a lack of support from their spouse (3). newborns are admitted to the NICUs are vulnerable to suffering from behavioral and emotional problems and emotional distress concerning maladaptive emotion regulation. Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2022; Volume 9, No 3, pp. 211-220 As a result, the mothers whose premature Please cite this article as: Khoshnavay Fomani F, Mirlashari J, Sharif Nia H, Begjani J, Khoshakhlagh F, Shiri M, et al. Exploring the effects of self- Copyright © 2022 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v9i3.10223