Genetika, oplemenjivanje bilja i sjemenarstvo ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER Propagation of the university bean collection in Kazakhstan and its study for morphogenetic traits Zaure Aytasheva, Saendigul Baiseyitova, Beibitgul Zhumabayeva, Erika Djangalina, Zhanna Urazova, Quttymurat Tagaev Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Bldg. #6, Almaty 050038, Republic of Kazakhstan (zaure.aitasheva@kaznu.kz) Abstract Basic morphogenetic features have been studied across the collection of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Kazakhstani, American, Chinese, Czech, Polish, Russian, and Turkish), from different soil and climatic areas. The collection was grown under mountain and steppe zone conditions of the Almaty Region. A number of useful genetic stocks have been identified for agronomically desirable traits. The cv. “Luna” from Czech collection is the earliest to reach maturity, whereas other varieties are 10-12 days later than “Luna.” Using local “Aktatti” line, the effect of new domestic bio-organomineral fertilizer on morphogenetic traits were investigated, and the fertilizer was shown to increase the yield by as much as 25%. Bean collection has been completed by the addition of six French cultivars. Key words: common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. technical maturity, germination Introduction The breeding outcome of new cultivars for common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. may be predicted from natural hybrids that are adapted to varying climate conditions within its growing zone. Consequently, the crop’s ability to grow in other areas can be predicted. Transformation of wild species became especially extensive with human intervention, when forms with desirable nutritional quality and agronomic traits had been sought for (Bodnar and Lavrinenko, 1977). During the course of evolution, bushy, large-leaf, early maturity forms with determinant type of growth, large number of flowers, and non-dehiscent pods have been selected (Zhukovsky, 1971). In comparison to other legumes, common bean is more capricious in that it prefers fertilized sandy soils or light clay-containing soils. Cold clay soils with high moisture content are not considered to be appropriate for common bean. In addition, turf formation and soil compaction, caused by high acidification, may also decrease crop yield (Popov and Martynov, 2001). Due to acidic soils, the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is reduced resulting in suppression of nitrogen fixation (Zerfus et al., 1997). Neutralization or lime addition (calcification) to acidic soils leads to increasing yields of common bean. Under mountain and steppe (plain) conditions of the Almaty Region, morphogenetic traits of 37 cultivars of common bean from different soil and climatic zones (Kazakhstan, American, Chinese, Polish, Russian, Turkish, and Czech collections) have been evaluated. This study was carried out under crop rotation in mountain and steppe (plain) zones of the Almaty Region in 2011-2012. Thirty-seven cultivars of common bean and its relatives were planted: i, generation and study on domestic cultivars of common bean; ii, setting up the collection so as to be processed by the students under the supervision of researchers; iii, development of field and seed research capability at new “Zhanga Talap” Agrobiocenter of al-Farabi Kazakh National University. 49. hrvatski i 9. međunarodni simpozij agronoma | Dubrovnik | Hrvatska 199