Journal of Material Science and Mechanical Engineering (JMSME) Print ISSN: 2393-9095; Online ISSN: 2393-9109; Volume 2, Number 10; April-June, 2015 pp. 65-69 © Krishi Sanskriti Publications http://www.krishisanskriti.org/jmsme.html Identification of Factors Affecting the Selection of Stainless Steel Cladding Process Vikram Singh Chandel¹, Hari Om² and Sanjeev Goyal³ ¹M-Tech Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad -121006 (India) 2,3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad -121006 (India) E-mail: 1 vikram521988@yahoo.com, 2 hariohm2001@gmail.com, 3 goyal.sanjeev@hotmail.com Abstract—Cladding is most widely used in the fabrication industries to fabricate corrosive resistant components at minimum cost with adequate strength. Cladding can be done with the help of many types of welding processes. But the selection of the right type of cladding process is not an easy job. There are many factors which help in the selection of cladding process. . The main objective of this paper is to examine the literature that deals with the factors which affect the selection of cladding process for the stainless steel cladding. This literature review is done to help users select a better cladding process, by considering factors important to them. Keywords: Cladding, Dilution, Bead geometry, Factors, Identification. 1. INTRODUCTION Cladding is a surfacing technique in which a thick layer of corrosion resistance material usually stainless steel is made on low carbon steel (Mild Steel) to improve corrosion resistant. The main purpose of cladding is to increase the life on component in corrosive environment economically. Now a day’s cladding process becomes more famous in the cost reduction on new components and in the repair of the worn out equipments indifferent industries such as petroleum and gas plants, nuclear and thermal power plants, pharmaceutical companies, food processing plants, agriculture equipments, chemical and fertilizer plants, aviation, mining, naval industry, railway, civil construction & paper and pulp industry etc. Cladding is used to:  To make corrosion resistant Pipe line in oil and gas industry.  Fabrication of Equipments for pharmaceutical and food processing industry.  Fabrication of components for railway and defence departments  To make fuel rods for nuclear plants  Repair work for worn out components of gas turbine and water turbine The quality of the cladded equipments depends on the percentage of dilution and bead geometry, which are affected by the process parameters. Considering various types of cladding materials, cladding of stainless steel is characterised as one material which is most frequently used [1]. The stainless steel cladding process is now defined as the deposition of a stainless steel layer on low carbon steel or low alloy steel plates to produce claddings with anticorrosion surfaces and resistance needed to withstand corrosive environments [2]. Cladding and welding processes have lot of similarity i.e. both uses same equipments. The major difference between cladding and welding a joint is the bead geometry and the percentage of dilution. The metallurgy composition and properties of cladding are highly influenced by the dilution obtained. Controlling the dilution is important factor in cladding, where low dilution is desirable. When the dilution is low, the final deposit composition will be closer to the filler metal and the corrosion resistance of the cladding will be good [3]. Unlike welding process that require high penetration (P) to ensure the resistance of the weld, the desired weld bead geometry in cladding process includes low penetration (P), high bead width (W), high reinforcement (R), and low dilution percentage (D) (Fig.1). This bead geometric characteristic is important for the process which allows covering the largest possible area with the less number of passes, which results in significant savings of time and material [4]. Fig. 1: Desired Bead Geometry for Cladding. Different cladding Processes: Rolling, explosive welding and fusion welding processes are commonly used for cladding. Fusion welding is generally used in the engineering industry