Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 34, No. 2, 2015, pp. 161-180
161
© 2015 Guilford Publications, Inc.
Address correspondence to Erin N. Stevens, Ph.D., Department of Psychology,
Northern Illinois University, Psychology Computer Science Bldg. Rm. 400, DeKalb, IL
60115; E-mail: estevens@niu.edu
NEGATIVE AFFECTIVE OUTCOMES
STEVENS ET AL.
THE INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF INDIVIDUAL
DIFFERENCES IN GOAL STRENGTH AND
SELF-DISCREPANCIES: EXAMINING
NEGATIVE AFFECTIVE OUTCOMES
ERIN N. STEVENS
Northern Illinois University
JOSEPH R. BARDEEN
Auburn University
LAURA D. PITTMAN AND M. CHRISTINE LOVEJOY
Northern Illinois University
Self-discrepancy theory postulates that negative affective states (e.g., depres-
sion and anxiety) may be a consequence of discrepancies between individuals’
goals and their self-perceptions. One theoretical construct that has been hypoth-
esized to infuence the magnitude of the association between self-discrepancies
and negative affect is goal strength, or how cognitively accessible individuals’
goals are. The current study employed a computerized lexical decision task to
measure goal strength. We hypothesized that goal strength would moderate the
discrepancy-negative affect association, even after controlling for general mental
processing speed. Over the course of two assessment sessions, participants (N
= 162) completed self-report measures assessing self-discrepancies, depression,
and anxiety symptoms, and were administered a lexical decision task which as-
sessed the strength, or accessibility, of their self-identifed goals. Consistent with
hypotheses, results suggest that goal strength is a moderator of the discrepancy-
depression relationship, above and beyond what can be accounted for by general
reaction times and mental processing speed. The implications of these results
for the conceptualization of self-discrepancies and the emergence of depressive
symptoms are discussed.