Research Article
Global Stability of Malaria Transmission Dynamics Model with
Logistic Growth
Abadi Abay Gebremeskel
Department of Mathematics, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
Correspondence should be addressed to Abadi Abay Gebremeskel; abaybeti@yahoo.com
Received 6 December 2017; Revised 5 February 2018; Accepted 25 February 2018; Published 29 March 2018
Academic Editor: Zhengqiu Zhang
Copyright © 2018 Abadi Abay Gebremeskel. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Mathematical models become an important and popular tools to understand the dynamics of the disease and give an insight to
reduce the impact of malaria burden within the community. Tus, this paper aims to apply a mathematical model to study global
stability of malaria transmission dynamics model with logistic growth. Analysis of the model applies scaling and sensitivity analysis
and sensitivity analysis of the model applied to understand the important parameters in transmission and prevalence of malaria
disease. We derive the equilibrium points of the model and investigated their stabilities. Te results of our analysis have shown that
if
0
≤1, then the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, and the disease dies out; if
0
>1, then the unique
endemic equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable and the disease persists within the population. Furthermore, numerical
simulations in the application of the model showed the abrupt and periodic variations.
1. Introduction
Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease caused by Plasmodium
parasite, which is transmitted through the bites of an infected
mosquito. In 2017, the World Health Organization report
reveals estimations of 216 million malaria cases and 445
thousand deaths due to malaria were registered worldwide
in 2016. However, the most malaria cases and deaths were
shared by the WHO Africa region, which account for 90%
of cases and 91% deaths. Te most predominant malaria
parasite in the WHO Africa region is Plasmodium falciparum,
accounting for 99% of malaria cases in 2016 [1].
Malaria is entirely preventable and treatable disease if
the recommended interventions are properly applied. Indi-
viduals should have taken some aggressive measurements
to decline malaria burden. Personal protection measures are
the frst line of defense against mosquito-borne diseases.
Mosquito repellent is a method used for personal protection;
and these are the substances used for exposed skin to
prevent human-mosquito contact. Insecticide Treated Bed
Nets (ITNs) are used for individuals against malaria to reduce
the morbidity of childhood malaria (below fve years of age)
by 50% and global child mortality by 20–30% [2, 3]. When
used on a large scale, ITNs are supposed to represent efcient
tools for malaria vector control but there is a limitation
of resistance to insecticides used for a saturated net. Te
resistance of the most important African malaria Anopheles
gambiae to protrude is already widespread in several West
African countries [4, 5].
Nowadays, mathematical models become an important
and popular tools to understand the transmission dynamics
of the disease and give an insight to reduce the impact of
malaria burden in the society. Tis is because mathematical
modeling can answer the following questions raised by the
public health authorities and policy makers to make the
correct decisions: (1) how severe will the epidemics be? (2)
How long will it last? (3) How efective will an intervention
be? (4) What are the efective measures to control and
eliminate an endemic disease? Te earliest malaria model
study originated from Ross in 1911 [6] and later modifcation
made by Macdonald [7]. Some further extensions of Ross-
Macdonald models for malaria were described in [8–13].
Tumwiine et al. [13] defne the reproduction number,
0
,
and show the existence and stability of the disease-free
equilibrium and an endemic equilibrium.
Hindawi
Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society
Volume 2018, Article ID 5759834, 12 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5759834