International Journal of Technology and Science, ISSN (Online) 2350-1111, (Print) 2350-1103 Volume 1, Issue 1, 2014 pp. 11-14 www.i3cpublications.org 11 Electricity Generation from Waste (Urine) Dnyaneshwar K. Deshmukh 1 , Jivan S. Ghodke 2 , and Mukund G. Wani 3 Email: dkd141190@gmail.com 3 Dr DYPSOET, Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Charholi Bk Via. Lohagaon, Pune-412105 Email: jivan.358@gmail.com, mgwanisir@gmail.com Abstract — The need for new and alternate sources of energy is increasing day by day. In the upcoming days the alternative sources of energy will be applied everywhere. In this technology it is proposed to use Urine as a resource to generate power, with the help of Microbial fuel cell (MFC), which is sufficient to glow a light (watts). It is a very cost effective and a renewable energy source which will be adopted for the future. In proposed system a successful isolation in the electrogenic bacteria which includes bacillus species and pseudomonas species is possible. The Microbial fuel cell is a biochemical-catalyzed system, which generates Electricity (Bio Electricity) by oxidizing biodegradable organic matter in the presence of either fermentative bacteria or enzyme. Index Terms — Microbial fuel cell, Fermentation, Micro- organism, Proton exchange membrane, Electrode. I. INTRODUCTION Now days we are facing a very big problem of electricity because in India we still use conventional energy sources and very little approach towards nonconventional resources as well as renewable resources. The renewable energy resources are the domain in which energy generation from waste products. Indian government is introducing new policies in renewable energy sources for waste management and providing clean and green environment. Thus a great upcoming field is renewable energy resources, waste treatment and management, generation of electricity. New approaches for electricity generation and waste water treatment, which not only reduce cost but also produce useful side-products from waste are have recently received increasing attention. MFCs on the other hand have less exacting demands and proffer promising options. MFC is a device which converts chemical energy to electrical energy during substrate oxidation with the help of microorganisms [1]. Electricity production from microbial fuel cells has been accomplished using acetate and butyrate in domestic wastewater [11]. The microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology offers a valuable alternative to energy generation as well as urine treatment. Microorganisms have proven to be promising agents for electricity generation [2]. We thought of adapting a technology which is a biotechnological solution for the power cuts and in the due course we discovered that MFC technology serves the purpose. A variety of readily degradable compounds such as glucose and acetate, and various types of waste water such as domestic, starching and paper recycling plant waste water, have operated successfully as substrate in MFC. Most could achieve a considerable chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency accompanied with electricity generation [3]. Hydrogen can be produced from wastewater rich in carbohydrates by biological fermentation but much of the energy remains in the form of soluble products such as acetate and butyrate. One way to recover this lost energy is to use dual-chamber microbial fuel cells (MFC) that feed on the organic acids and produce electricity. The anaerobic and aerobic chambers are separated by a proton exchange membrane that facilitates proton transfer [2,4]. II. PROBLEM DEFINATION • Generation of Electricity from “Urine / Sewage” as a waste product. • Development of automated procedure / model for the waste treatment as a renewable energy sources. III. OBJECTIVES • Collection of urine and filtration. • Reverse osmosis. • By products from above process Ammonia converted as Nitric Acid, Water and Hydrogen. • Microbial fuel cell (electricity generation process). • Provide automation in system operation and power storage. IV. BLOCK DIAGRAM AND DISCRIPTION Figure 1. Block Diagram A. DISCRIPTION Step 1:- In very first process of urine treatments is collection of urine and filter it. Step 2:- Then comes under the reverse osmosis process and separate out biodegradable solvent which undergoes to the MFC. Step 3:- The Ammonia is collected from under collection, filtration and RO process is diluted and nitric acid is a byproduct obtained. Step 4:- MFC is fundamentally an anaerobic treatment process because the bacteria grow in the absence of oxygen in a chamber on an electrode. For