IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861. Volume 12, Issue 1 (Nov.- Dec. 2013), PP 30-32 www.iosrjournals.org www.iosrjournals.org 30 | Page Evaluation of Liver Function Test in Normal Pregnancy and Pre- eclampsia: A Case Control Dr. Swapan Das 1 , Dr. Debasish Char 1 , Dr. Sanjay Sarkar 2 , Dr. Tushar Kanti Saha 3 , Dr. Sucheta Biswas 4 , Dr. Biswapratim Rudra 5 1 (RMO, Dept. of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bankura Sammilani Medical College & Hospital, Bankura); 2 (RMO, Dept. of Medicine, Bankura Sammilani Medical College & Hospital, Bankura); 3 (Asst. Prof., Dept. Of Community Medicine, NRS Medical College, Kolkata); 4 (PGT, Dept. of Physiology, Barddhaman Medical College & Hospital, Barddhaman); 5 (Senior Resident, Dept. of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bankura Sammilani Medical College & Hospital, Bankura) Abstract: Background and Objective: Preeclampsia is a multi system disorders that can affect every maternal organ predominantly the cardio-vascular system, kidneys, brain and liver. The present study was conducted to compare the liver function tests in preeclampsia with normotensive pregnancy. Methodology: The present case control study was carried out at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura to find the serum bilirubin and serum levels of liver enzymes ALT, AST and ALP in 100 pregnant women (50 preeclampsia and 50 normotensive pregnant women). Results: The mean BMI of cases was 28.02 ± 3.67kg/m 2 and that of control was 24.48±3.09 kg/m 2 . The mean value of serum bilirubin in cases was 10.62±3.72 mol/L and in control it was 7.81±2.37 mol/L (p<0.001). The mean value of enzyme ALP in cases was 55.78±30.93 U/L and in control it was 15.21±3.40 U/L (p<0.001). The mean value of enzyme AST in cases was 40.58±10.75 U/L and in control it was 8.21±2.60 U/L (p<0.001). The mean ALP level of cases before delivery was 458.15±241.68 U/L and in control it was 182.32±64.72 U/L (p<0.001). Conclusion: Elevated levels of serum bilirubin and liver enzymes ALT, AST and ALP were found in preeclampsia cases. Keywords: Liver function test, Pre-eclampsia I. Introduction Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder that presents major health problems for both mothers and babies. It is defined as pregnancy specific syndrome observed usually after 20 th week of gestation with systolic blood pressure 140 mm of Hg and diastolic blood pressure 90mm of Hg accompanied by significant proteinuria with or without Oedema. Severe preeclampsia is associated with elevated blood pressure 160 mm Hg systolic or 110 mm of Hg diastolic, on two occasions atleast 6 hrs apart, on bed rest; with proteinuria in 24 hrs urine sample ; along with other symptoms such as headache, visual disturbances, hyperreflexia, epigastric or right upper quardant pain, vomiting, oliguria, impaired liver function and thrombocytopenia (HELLP Syndrome) [1, 2]. Women with preeclampsia have persistent vasoconstriction due to an increased vascular responsiveness to physiologic vasoconstrictive agents such as angiotensin II or an increase in vascular tone or reactivity [3, 4]. Abnormalities in liver function test (LFT) occur in 3% of pregnancies and preeclampsia is the most frequent cause [5]. Liver dysfunction in preeclampsia has grave consequences. In preeclampsia accompanied by HELLP syndrome, an elevation in liver enzymes such as Alanineaminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartateaminotransferase (AST) levels are noted and hyper billirubinemia may occur, especially in the presence of haemolysis. Parenchymal necrosis of liver causes elevation in hepatic enzymes. There may be subcapsular hematoma formation, eventually liver may rupture to cause sudden hypotension due to haemoperitoneum [6]. The objective of our present study was to compare liver function test in normotensive pregnancy and in preeclampsia. II. Materials & Methods This case control study was conducted in obstetrics and gynaecology department of Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura. In this study 100 pregnant women of 18 to 35 yrs of age were selected and were divided into two groups. Group – I (cases) had 50 cases of preeclampsia having BP 140/90 mm of Hg, proteinuria 300 mg in 24 hrs urine sample and oedema. Group – II (control) included 50 pregnant women with normal BP after 20 weeks of gestation. The cases and controls having past history of renal diseases, liver diseases, diabetes, cardiac diseases, and history of drug intake that affects the liver function were excluded from the study.