Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences (ISSN: 2582-3183) Volume 4 Issue 4 April 2022 COVID-19: Veterinary Perspective JB Kathiriya*, KR Bhedi and SH Sindhi Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Kamdhenu University, Gujarat, India *Corresponding Author: JB Kathiriya, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Kamdhenu University, Gujarat, India. Opinion Received: February 10, 2022 Published: March 23, 2022 © All rights are reserved by JB Kathiriya., et al. In December 2019, the Wuhan health authorities detected a few cases of an atypical pneumonia of unknown aetiology and having symptoms like pyrexia, myalgia, fatigue, coughs, dyspnea, and pneumonia (Shanker, 2020). By laboratory finding, this illness was later confirmed as a novel coronavirus and initially named as a 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The disease name, as Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) was recommended subsequently by the World Health Organization (WHO). The name SARS-CoV-2 instead of 2019-nCoV was suggested by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. WHO declared this recent ongoing viral out- break as a pandemic on 11 th March, 2020 and as an international public health emergency on 30 th January, 2020 [1]. The SARS-CoV-2 has a diameter of 50–200 nm, a spherical en- velope, and a single-strand positive-sense RNA genome (30 kb in length) [2]. The genome sequencing similarity of SARS-CoV-2 was noticed as 79.6% and 96% with SARS-CoV and Bat-CoV, respec- tively. The SARS-CoV-2 membrane having four major structural proteins; namely, spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) glyco- protein, membrane (M) glycoprotein, and nucleocapsid (N) pro- tein [3]. SARS-CoV-2, a member of the Coronaviridae family and the genus -coronavirus, shares genetic similarities with Bat-CoV (RaTG13/Beta-CoV) [4]. According to Phylogenetic analyses and by using the large sub genomic data set of bat coronaviruses, it’s indicated that SARS-CoV-2 likely originated in horseshoe bats form China, as its genome sequence has approximately 96% nucleotide identity with RaTG13, isolated from Chinese Rhinolophus affinis. The nucleotide similarity of Pangolin-CoV genome with SARS- CoV-2 and Bat CoV RaTG13 was noticed as 91% and 90.6%, re- spectively [5]. Although SARS-CoV-2 is alleged to have originated from an ani- mal host (zoonotic origin) with further human to human transmis- sion may has occur [6]. Sneezing and coughing are the most com- mon symptoms of human coronavirus transmission by air from an infected person to a healthy person. The virus transmission was mainly noticed by the close physical contact like rubbing or shaking of hands, close contact of the surface contaminated with the virus, lips contact, nose or eyes contact before washing their hands [7]. Currently 625 outbreaks in animals have been reported glob- ally, affecting 17 species in 32 countries including Dog, Cat, Tiger, Lion, Puma, Ferret, Mink and Gorilla [8] and SARS-CoV-2 was ex- perimentally inoculated by the intranasal route for the evaluation of the susceptibility in several domestic animals. The results indi- cate that Cat, Dog and Ferret are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 [9]. The first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in a Malayan tiger maintained at the Bronx Zoo, New York on 4th April 2020. The zookeeper was suspected for COVID-19 infection spreading among the captive wild felids. The SARS-CoV-2 isolated from the Malayan tiger (SARS-CoV-2/tiger/NY/040420/2020) consists of a similar whole-genome sequence with the available human sequences of SARS-CoV-2 [10]. The clinical diagnosis of 2019-nCoV depends on the symptoms and travel history to a country known to have the disease and/or exposure to an infected person. The different testing procedures for COVID-2019 have been published by WHO. The real-time re- verse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the most common technique used for the testing of COVID-2019. The RT-PCR test may be done on respiratory samples like nasopharyngeal swab or sputum samples [11]. Citation: JB Kathiriya., et al. “COVID-19: Veterinary Perspective". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 4.4 (2022): 117-118.