Volume 6 • Issue 3 • 1000217 Adv Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, an open access journal ISSN: 2167-1052 OMICS International Research Article Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology & Drug Safety A d v a n c e s i n P h a r m a c o e p i d e m i o l o g y & D r u g S a f e t y ISSN: 2167-1052 Gube et al., Adv Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2017, 6:3 DOI: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000217 *Corresponding author: Addisu Alemayehu Gube, Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arbaminch University, Ethiopia, Tel: +251-9-12119726; Fax: +251-46-8810279; E-mail: addis166@gmail.com Received August 10, 2017; Accepted August 22, 2017; Published August 26, 2017 Citation: Gube AA, Gonfa R, Tadesse T (2017) Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Medical Ward of Fitche District Hospital, North Showa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Adv Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 6: 217. doi: 10.4172/2167- 1052.1000217 Copyright: © 2017 Gube AA, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Background: Antibiotic are among the most prescribed drug in medical ward. Because of the rise in health care cost lack of uniformity in drug prescribing and the emergency of antibiotic resistance monitoring and control of antibiotic use are growing concern and strict antibiotic policies should be warranted. Inappropriate use of antibiotic can increase morbidity, mortality, patient cost and bacterial antibiotic resistance. Objective: To evaluate antibiotic use practice in medical ward of Fitche hospital, North Showa Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Methodology: Institution based cross sectional study was conducted by collecting data retrospectively from 200 patient cards drawn by Simple random sampling using balloting from Medical ward of Fitche hospital from March 10- May 30, 2016. After checking for completeness and consistency, data was entered in SPSS (IBM 20) and descriptive statistics was carried. Result: Out of the total 200 patient cards, 110 (55%) were of male and 90 (45%) were of female. Most antibiotics were prescribed for empirical treatment 163 (81.5%) and least for prophylactic treatment 5 (2.5%). In this study, of the total 340 drugs prescribed in Medical ward, the prevalence of antibiotics use was 220 (64.7%). In this study, 65% received more than one antibiotic. And the most commonly prescribed groups of antibiotic were Cephalosporin 32.5% and the most commonly prescribed antibiotic was ceftriaxone 27.5%. Conclusion: This study revealed that of the total of 340 drugs prescribed for 200 patients in Medical Ward of Fitche District Hospital, 64.7% were antibiotics and the most commonly prescribed groups of antibiotic were Cephalosporin and the most commonly prescribed antibiotic was ceftriaxone. And majority of patients in Medical ward 65% received more than one antibiotic. Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Medical Ward of Fitche District Hospital, North Showa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia Addisu Alemayehu Gube 1 *, Rufael Gonfa 2 and Tarekegn Tadesse 2 1 Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arbaminch University, Arbaminch, Ethiopia 2 Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia Keywords: Drug; Medical ward; Fitche hospital; Antibiotics Introduction Antibiotics are powerful medicines that fght bacterial infections. Used properly, antibiotics can save lives. Tey either kill bacteria or keep them from reproducing. Your body's natural defences can usually take it from there [1]. Tey are one of the pillars of modern medical care and play major role in prophylaxis and treatment of infectious disease. Te issue of their availability, selection and proper use are of critical importance to the community antibiotic miser use: however, worldwide with the extent of the problem being greater in the developing countries, through their purchase in local pharmacies and drug stores and through inappropriate prescribing habit and an overzealous desire to treat every infection [2]. Tey are one of the most common drugs prescribed in hospital today. It has been estimated that up to third of all patients receive at least one antibiotic during hospitalization. Te cost involved is there for correspondingly high and up to 40% of a hospital’s drug expenditure may be devoted to the purchase of antibiotics [3,4]. Antimicrobial therapy is administered to 25% to 40% of hospital inpatient, and, in 50% of cases, is inadequate in terms of dosage, rout of administration, or indication Realties such as this strengthen the notion that rational and therefore adequate use of antimicrobial agents plays an essential role in insuring patient safety, particularly in the intensive care setting above all because antibiotic misuse fosters bacterial resistance and increasing the cost of health system [5-7]. In the past decade, there has been an alarming trend towards increase in antimicrobial resistance; there are diferent factors for the development of antimicrobial resistance: among these; human pathogens, the overuse and inappropriate prescribing of broad spectrum antibiotics has been implicated [8-10]. In the hospital, use of antibiotic drug has been major concern in the last few decades for several reasons for the purchasers of health care service and administration. Antibiotics drugs account for a major proportions of the escalating drug budget. To a greater extent particularly in hospital, the overuse and misuse of antibiotic drug considered to be one of the reasons for increasing resistance among various photogenes: these worries have led to the implementation of strict antibiotic policies in hospital in many countries with diferent strategies and diferent outcomes. Monitoring of drug use is essential in order to follow the efect and adherence to the hospital’s antibiotic policies: patient medical record may be reviewed for this purpose. But this method can be quite exhaustive [10]. Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotic is highly associated with the emergence of antibiotic resistance which presents major threat to global public health. Antibiotic resistance reduce the