4th International Conference on Recent Trends in Computer Science and Technology (ICRTCST-2021) © IEEE 2022. This article is free to access and download, along with rights for full text and data mining, re-use and analysis. 417 PART: CFP22P42-ART A Framework for Covid-19 Vaccine Management System Using Blockchain Technology Shafayet Mahamud Dept. of CSE Daffodil International University Dhaka, Bangladesh Shafayet15-13202@diu.edu.bd Syada Tasmia Alvi Dept. of CSE Daffodil International University Dhaka, Bangladesh syada.cse@diu.edu.bd Abstract—The SARS-CoV-2 first surfaced in 2019 in China and later spread across the globe causing a pandemic. Immunisation has thus far been considered to be mankind’s weapon of choice in the frontline fight against the virus defined as Covid-19. Mass vaccination programmes carried out by nations are closely related to public health information, data safety and data security. As countries roll out the immunisation efforts, cyber offenders try to exploit people’s personal health data and inoculation records while citizens can also be exposed to fake vaccine certificates issued by hackers. To prevent such any data breach or data exploitation, an effective system is urgently required to be in place that ensures the maximum security at a time of the unprecedented global crisis. Blockchain can be the perfect solution in this case thanks to its transparency, trustworthiness, and decentralised operations. We have proposed a blockchain based framework for covid 19 vaccination process to provide data immutability, transparency and correctness of beneficiary registration for vaccination, eliminating identity thefts and impersonation, tamper proof self-reporting of side effects, person identification and vaccine certification. Index Terms—Covid19, Blockchain, Smart Contracts, Vaccine, Certificate I. INTRODUCTION Coronavirus (Covid-19) is a newly discovered viral disease that causes an infectious illness [1]. It has emerged in 2019 and is rapidly spreading around the world, posing a threat to the global economy as well as health and human life [2]. The economic system is trying to recover from the pandemic fallouts. Financial losses from the pandemic are causing enormous strain on the economic system. Because of this, many businesses will be forced to close, resulting in the loss of thousands of jobs. Unexpected breaks in young people’s learning paths are a concern that, according to the UN, affects the majority of individuals of school age all over the world. The education system is also in serious trouble [3]. It’s been more than two thousand years since humans began looking for effective strategies to combat various infectious illness outbreaks. Many diseases have been effectively managed by vaccine immunisation, which is a cost-effective method of con- trolling or even eliminating infectious diseases. In other words, vaccination may be our society’s sole effective tactic against infectious diseases like coronavirus, and the safety of vaccines is directly tied to public health and national security. There are still problems in vaccination supply chains as there are issues like fake coronavirus vaccine certification and vaccine record fraud. As a result, an efficient vaccination supply chain management system is urgently needed. Blockchain, the next major fundamental technology after the Internet, aims to create trust mechanisms that can revolutionise the way of current information management methods [4]. Estonia is a pioneer in this area, having started to use blockchain technology in the healthcare sector as early as 2012. In the country, blockchain is now used to manage 95% of all healthcare bills, 99% of all health data, and 100% of all prescription information [5]. One of the 10 technologies recognised by the European Parliament to combat Covid-19 is blockchain technology, which has blockchain infections tracking and health data monitoring as two of its primary current use scenarios [6]. Blockchain is generally characterised as a peer-to-peer net- work with a transparent, trustworthy ledger. A transaction is the blockchain’s data unit, while a block is a collection of transactions. With all verified blocks, a decentralised blockchain ledger is established. The cryptographic hash code of a block in the distributed ledger is used to link it to an earlier authorised Block. Immutability, security, and integrity are at the heart of the blockchain’s basic characteristics. Multiple verification of the legitimacy of vaccination certificates might be made possible with blockchain’s decentralised public ledger system, helping to reduce the spread of fraudulent certificates [7]. Hospitals in the United Kingdom are already implementing blockchain technology to keep track of vaccination batches and keep tabs on how long they are kept refrigerated [8]. It should be noted that Health Certsare a set of digital open standards and schema developed by the Singaporean government for the purpose of delivering digital Covid-19 test results and immunisation certificates. Our objective is to present such methodology in which blockchain technology is used for assuring data integrity and immutability in case of beneficiary registration for vaccination, eliminating identity thefts, impersonations and tamper-proof certificate. In this system user can perform registration process for vaccination. After performing registration, they can be vaccinated using the currency named lifecoin of blockchain. They will also get a certificate of vaccination through this system after submitting side effect report anonymously. The paper is organised as follows. In Section II, background 2021 4th International Conference on Recent Trends in Computer Science and Technology (ICRTCST) | 978-1-6654-6633-2/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICRTCST54752.2022.9781924