Electron. Mater. Lett., Vol. 11, No. 3 (2015), pp. 466-480
Thermoelectric Properties of Metallic Antiperovskites AXD
3
(A=Ge, Sn, Pb, Al, Zn, Ga; X=N, C; D=Ca, Fe, Co)
Muhammad Bilal,
1,2
Iftikhar Ahmad,
1,2,
*
Saeid Jalali Asadabadi,
3
Rashid Ahmad,
4
and Muhammad Maqbool
5
1
Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
2
Department of Physics, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
3
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan (UI), Hezar Gerib Avenue, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
4
Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
5
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, USA
(received date: 20 November 2014 / accepted date: 28 January 2015 / published date: 10 May 2015)
1. INTRODUCTION
Energy is the resource used to exploit all other resources,
with increasing demand in recent years because of population
growth and industrial development. Over the past decade,
there has been a keen interest in exploring efficient
thermoelectric (TE) materials for power generation.
[1]
A
sufficiently big quantity of heat is converted into useful
energy in TE devices, which makes them a good source of
green energy.
[2]
A key material parameter, related to efficiency
is the dimensionless figure of merit, ZT = σS
2
T/k, where σ is
the electrical conductivity, S is the Seebeck coefficient, and
k = k
e
+ k
l
is the thermal conductivity, composed of electronic
and lattice parts.
[3]
Materials with ZT above unity are
considered excellent candidates for TE applications.
[4,5]
TE
generators have no moving parts so there is complete
absence of friction in TE devices which makes them more
environment-friendly.
[6]
Antiperovskites have the general formula AXB
3
, where A
is a main group (III-V) element, X is carbon or nitrogen, and
B is a transition (s-d) metal.
[7,8]
These materials usually
crystallize in space group Pm3m (221) where the A atom is
located at (0, 0, 0), the X atom at (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) and B atom
at (0, 1/2, 1/2).
[9]
Different research groups have investigated
thermoelectric properties of various crystal structures like
In this paper we communicate the thermoelectric properties of carbon
and nitrogen based metallic antiperovskites ANCa (A=Ge, Sn, Pb),
BCFe (B=Al, Zn, Ga) and SnCD (D=Co and Fe) using the ab-initio
calculations to explore efficient metallic thermoelectric materials. The
consistency of the calculated results of SnCCo and SnCFe with the
experimental results confirms the reliability of our theoretical calculations
for the other investigated metallic antiperovskites. The results indicate
that the thermopower of these materials can be enhanced by changing
the chemical potential. The dimensionless figure of merit for the three
nitrides approaches 0.96 at room temperature, which proves the
usefulness of these materials in thermoelectric generators. Furthermore,
the thermal conductivity is minimum at room temperature for chemical
potential values between -0.25 μ(eV) and 0.25 μ(eV), and provides the
maximum values of dimensionless figure of merit in this range. The
striking feature of these studies is identifying a metallic compound,
SnNCa , with the highest value of Seebeck coefficient at room
temperature out of all metals. The results anticipate that these materials
could be efficient in thermoelectric generators; however, this needs
experimental verification.
Keywords: thermoelectric properties, metallic antiperovskites,
electrical conductivity, ab-initio calculations, spin orbit coupling
DOI: 10.1007/s13391-015-4425-2
*Corresponding author: ahma5532@gmail.com
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