11 Review Article COMPARATIVE IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF ATP1A3 GENE IN MAMMALS Chinmoy Mishra 2* , Siddhant Sekhar Sahoo 1 , Sidharth Prasad Mishra 3 , Stuti Tanaya Mohanty 4 Gangadhar Nayak 5 , Kumaresh Behera 6 , Kamdev Sethy 7 Received 02 November 2017, revised 03 April 2018 ABSTRACT: Progress in the field of bioinformatics is useful to understand the global network of genes and their protein products. Genetic variants of the ATP1A3 gene have been suggested to be involved in the salt hypertension and feed intake, all of which may evidently affect heat production, heat loss and water mineral balance. In the present study, comparative analysis of ATP1A3 (ATPase Na+/K+ Transporting Subunit Alpha 3) proteins of different livestock species were carried out using bioinformatics tools. The results of this study indicate that most of physico-chemical properties were almost same in pig and cat. The global network analysis of ATP1A3 gene by, STRING 10 tool speculated its interaction with several other proteins like - ATP1A1, ATP1A2, ATP1A4, ATP1B1, ATP1B3, FXYD2 in different livestock species having high confidence score. The strong interaction was seen between ATP1B1 and ATP1A3 with a high score in pig. Molecular docking between ATP1A3 and ATP1B1 of pig has been carried out. Conserved region was present in all the nine studied different livestock species protein sequences despite speciation due to evolution. The present study will further support to understand the role of associated proteins in various cellular pathways in cattle. This work is also useful for the study of structural and functional analysis of ATP1A3 protein. Key words: ATP1A3, Bioinformatics, Docking, Gene, STRING 1 PhD Scholar, Animal Breeding Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India. 2 Assistant Professor, 5 Professor and Head, Department of Animal Breeding and genetics, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Orisha University of Agriculture and technology, India. 3 Ph D Scholar, Department of Animal genetics and Breeding, 4 Ph D Scholar, Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics, West Bengal University of Animal and fishery Sciences, West Bengal, India. 6 Assistant Professor, Department of Livestock Production and Management, 7 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Orisha University of Agriculture and Technology, India. *Corresponding author. e-mail: drchinmoymishra@gmail.com INTRODUCTION The ATP1A3 gene encodes the alpha-3 catalytic subunit of the Na + /K( + )-ATPase transmembrane ion pump (Rosewich et al. 2012). The ATP1A3 catalyzes ATP- driven exchange of 3 intracellular Na + ions for 2 extracellular K + ions across the plasma membrane (Rodacker et al. 2006). The movement of sodium and potassium ions helps to regulate the electrical activity of these cells and plays an important role in the signaling process that controls muscle movement. The activity of Na + /K + ATPase also helps to regulate cell size (volume). Additionally, Na + /K + ATPase helps to regulate a process called neurotransmitter reuptake (McGrail et al. 1991, Bottger et al. 2011, Sugimoto et al. 2014). The primary role of α subunit is to bind and transport Na + and K + . There are four α subunits all encoded by different genes. The α 3 subunit, encoded by ATP1A3, is the predominant α subunit expressed in neurons (Dobretsov and Stimers 2005), although many neurons also express α1. The α3 subunit has a relatively low affinity for Na + and K + as compared to α1 which enables a rapid normalization of ion gradients after intense neuronal firing (Dobretsov et al. 2003, Crambert et al. 2000). Mutations in the ATP1A3 gene are associated with rare neurological disorders viz. Rapid-onset Dystonia- Parkinsonism (RDP) (deCarvalho Aguiar et al. 2004), Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC) (Heinzen et al. 2014, Rosewich et al. 2012), Cerebellar ataxia, Areflexia, Pes cavus, Optic atrophy and Sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS) syndrome (Demos et al. 2014). Studies of cortical neurons have shown that the ATP1 α3 subunit is a receptor for an endogenous ouabain-like Explor Anim Med Res, Vol. 8, Issue - 1, 2018, p. 11-19 ISSN 2277- 470X (Print), ISSN 2319-247X (Online) Website: www.animalmedicalresearch.org