IZUMI, Volume 9 No 2, 2020, [Page | 147] e-ISSN: 2502-3535, p-ISSN: 2338-249X Available online at: http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/izumi Copyright@2020, IZUMI, e-ISSN: 2502-3535, p-ISSN: 2338-249x Understanding the Use of O and Ga Particles in Japanese Sentences for Japanese Language Learners Rahma Fitri Alifah*, Puspa Mirani Kadir, Yuyu Yohana Risagarniwa Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia *Email: rahma19003@mail.unpad.ac.id Abstract Joshi or particle is a class of words that cannot change the form, other than that Joshi cannot stand itself. Joshi must be attached to another class of words to gain meaning. In the Japanese language, one of the joshi groups that can connect noun and noun or noun and verb or adjective called the kakujoshi category, two of them are o and ga particles. One of the functions of o and ga particles have the same function as an object marker; many Japanese language learners still have difficulty in using o and ga particles as an objective marker. This research is how Japanese language learners' understanding of using o and ga particles in Japanese sentences. The method used the quantitative and questionnaire technique. This research concludes that many respondents have passed the advanced level in the Japanese language proficiency test, and need more than two years for study. However, the understanding of Japanese learners in the use of o and ga particles are still at the intermediate level. Keywords: Kakujoshi ; Ga; O; Understanding of particle 1. Introduction The Japanese language is one of the lan- guages that have SOP (Subject, Object, Predicate) sentence patterns. For each func- tion, it is usually filled with noun, adjective, verb, etcetera. Based on the grammar of the Japanese sentence formation class words consist: meishi (noun), doushi (verb), keiyoushi (adjective), jodoushi (copula), joshi (particle), setsuzokushi (conjunc- tions), fukushi (adverb), and kandoushi (in- terjection). Joshi or particle is included in fuzo- kugo, which is a class of words that cannot stand itself that must be attached to another class of words in order to obtain the mean- ing of the particle. (Sutedi, 2009, p. 45) states that joshi has no meaning if it is not attached to another word class, joshi is dif- ferent from it such as adjective and verb that can change the form, joshi has a fixed pet- tern. (Dahidi, 2004, p. 181) joshi could not change the form. Then, the meaning will be formed after being used together with an- other class of words that can stand itself. So that it can form a sentence (bun). In Japa- nese language, one of the joshi groups that can connect noun and noun or noun and verb or adjective called kakujoshi category. (Iori, 2005, p. 61) states that kakujoshi in this group are ga (が) 、o (を) 、ni (に) 、 e (へ) 、 de (で) 、 kara (か ら) 、 made ( ま で) 、to (と) 、 yori (よ り) 、 zero- kaku (ゼロ 格). In this research, the object of research will only be on o and ga particles. Accord- ing to (Masuoka, Takubo, & Teramura, 2009, p. 4) the functions of the particle ga are to indicate the main subject of a state, change, or activity. Besides as a predicate object of existing conditions, whereas o par- ticle functions are as an object of action or activity, indicate rotating movement activ- ity, period markers, and starting point marker. Look at the following sentence: あの留学生は日本語を勉強している。 Ano ryuugakusei wa nihongo o benkyou shiteiru. ‘The foreign student is studying Japanese’. あの人は外国語ができる。 Ano hito wa gaikokugo ga dekiru. ‘That person can speak foreign languages. あの人はテニスが上手だ。 Ano hito wa tenisu ga jouzu da. ‘That person is good at playing tennis’.