~ 1043 ~
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018; 6(2): 1043-1046
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2018; 6(2): 1043-1046
© 2018 JEZS
Received: 15-01-2018
Accepted: 16-02-2018
Seyed Mohsen Mohebbi Nodez
Infectious and Tropical Diseases
Research Center, Hormozgan
Health Institute, Hormozgan
University of Medical Sciences,
Bandar Abbas, Iran
Azam Rafatpanah
Zoonoses Research Center,
Jahrom University of Medical
Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
Mousa Khosravani
Department of Medical
Entomology, School of Health,
Shiraz University of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Fatemeh Shahidi Hakak
Department of Medical
Entomology, School of Health,
Shiraz University of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Azim Paksa
Department of Medical
Entomology and Vector Control,
School of Public Health, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Mousa Khosravani
Department of Medical
Entomology, School of Health,
Shiraz University of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Susceptibility status of German cockroaches,
Blattella germanica (L.) to carbamate and
pyrethroid insecticides within surface contact
method in Shiraz city, Iran
Seyed Mohsen Mohebbi Nodez, Azam Rafatpanah, Mousa Khosravani,
Fatemeh Shahidi Hakak and Azim Paksa
Abstract
German cockroaches (Blattella germanica) is one of the most important pests that have extensively
pervaded into human dwellings and hospitals. Two class of insecticides named carbamate and
pyrethroids were examined on two strains of cockroaches (dormitory (D) and hospital (H)) through the
surface contact method. The obtained lethal doses of Carbaryl (WP 85%) were much higher than the
standard dose for both strains. In the case of cyfluthrin WP 10%, the fatal doses were extracted 2.765 and
3.265 mg/m
2
for D and H strains whereas the suggested dose was 3.768 mg/m
2
. The toxicity dosages of
Lambdacyhalothrin (WP 10%) were 1.413 and 3.265 mg/m
2
for D and H strains respectively. Both
strains have exhibited the tolerance to them. H and D strains were tolerant to pyrethroids. Notably,
pyrethroids should be rotationally used with others insecticides relaying to integrated pest management
(IPM).
Keywords: German cockroach, surface contact, pyrethroid, carbamate, Iran
1. Introduction
Blattella germanica (German Cockroach) as a detrimental pest that damages food materials in
human dwellings
[1]
. Further, they can adapt to the environment with poor nutritional resources
thereby, they suppose as opportunist pest
[2]
. Cockroaches order comprise over 400 species that
widespread throughout the world. Moreover, 18 genera of this insects are accounted as
domesticated pests (synanthrope)
[3]
. They serve as a mechanical vector of a variety of
pathogens and cause asthma or allergic interaction in human
[4, 5]
. The cockroach has a history
going back to the 360 million years ago nearly
[6]
. In addition to, bacterial agents (e.g.
Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas) have been isolated from hospital cockroaches and patients,
therefore, they have potentially the medical importance
[7]
. Also, they harbored numerous
species of intestinal parasites and viruses. Some predominant biological agents have been
identified as protozoan microorganisms (Entamoeba histolytica), helminths (Trichuris
trichiura), viruses (densovirus) and several fungal parasites (Aspergillus spp.)
[8, 9, 10]
. Although
the role of cockroaches in the transmission of agents to human is not clear, they can be
considered as the carrier of microorganisms associated with nosocomial and bacterial
infections
[3]
. For this reason, combat cockroach is critical for man and application of chemical
insecticides have expanded against these annoying pests. On the other hand, resistance to
pesticides is a negative phenomenon due to using a wide range of chemical insecticide. Some
of the strains have shown resistance to up to 8-12 insecticide
[11, 12]
. For instance, diazinon
altered with propoxur in control interventions at the end of the 1960s
[13]
. German cockroach
has demonstrated resistance to some insecticides such as diazinon (organophosphate),
permethrin (pyrethroids) and bendiocarb (carbamate) in Iran
[14]
. One strain of cockroaches
was shown tolerance to propoxur in a study conducted by Ladonni et al
[15]
. Continuously,
many of researchers carried out the surveys on the resistance process in order to reduce the
emergence of resistance
[11]
. Our project aims the evaluation of susceptibility level of two class
of insecticides (i.e. carbamates and pyrethroids) in the student’ dormitories and hospitals of
Shiraz University of medical sciences. This results can be used for control of cockroach
especially in crowded places that many people live together in