2022 International Conference on Advancement in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
24-26 February 2022, Gazipur, Bangladesh. P-205
Identification of Vector and Non-vector Mosquito
Species Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
with Ensemble Model
1
st
Md.Abedur Rahman Shamim
Dept.of CSE
University of Barishal
Barishal,Bangladesh
Email: 047shamim@gmail.com
2
nd
A.B.M Anas
Dept.of CSE
University of Barishal
Barishal,Bangladesh
Email: anas14cse@gmail.com
3
rd
Md.Erfan
Dept.of CSE
University of Barishal
Barishal,Bangladesh
Email: irfan.bucse@gmail.com
Abstract—Human life has always been suffering from insects,
particularly mosquitoes since its early beginnings. This annoying
insect acts as a vector that transmits pathogens by feeding on
our blood, spreading critical diseases like Zika Virus, Malaria,
dengue fever, Chikungunya, etc. It’s important to stop these
dipterous insects from harming humans and need a method
to identify the vector species. For many years, image-based
automated identification of vector mosquitoes has been studied
for applications such as early identification of mosquito-borne
diseases. Here Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs)
are modern-day techniques for extracting visible functions and
classifying objects and, there exists an excellent application for
the classification of images. In this study, we analyzed the
functionality of deep learning models in classifying mosquito
species having excessive inter-species similarity and intra-species
variations. We constructed a data set with approximately 3600
images of eight mosquito species with diverse postures and
deformation conditions. Our result demonstrated that more
than 98% classification accuracy has been achieved by using
our proposed ensemble method on this data. We also showed
the comparison of various DCNNs models such as VGG-16,
InceptionV3, and MobileNetV2. The overall results show that
InceptionV3 is the best model with 99.38% of training accuracy
and 97.02% of testing accuracy.
Index Terms—Convolutional Neural Networks, Deep Learning,
Transfer Learning, VGG16, InceptionV3, MobilenetV2
I. I NTRODUCTION
Mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, West
Nile, and Zika viruses represent serious public health problems
with significant human and economic costs. For example,
malaria alone kills more than one million people worldwide
each year, most of them are children [1]. In Southeast Asian
countries such as Bangladesh, Malaysia, Philippines, and
Vietnam, 2019 was the year with the highest dengue fever [2].
There is usually no vaccine or treatment for these diseases
and prevention is based on mosquito monitoring and control.
This transition requires accurate knowledge of real-time
geographic presence. There are about 4500 mosquito species
(common to 34 genera) where Aedes (Ae.), Anopheles
(An.), and Culex (Cu.) are spreading diseases [6]. There are
several species within this genus. Malaria is largely spread
by Anopheles gambiae in Africa and Anopheles stephensi in
India. Aedes aegypti is the main carrier of dengue, yellow
fever, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. West Nile and other
encephalitis viruses are transmitted by Culex nigripalpus.
Bangladesh is a densely populated country and most of the
people are living in unhealthy places. Every year, hundreds
of People died from mosquito-borne diseases and thousands
got sick. Dengue fever, malaria, and chikungunya are the
most common diseases. But in recent years, the problem
has become serious. In 2019, at least 18 people died from
dengue fever and 16,223 were infected [3]. In 2020, amidst
the pandemic, a total of 1026 confirmed cases were reported
by the Directorate General of Health in Bangladesh [4].
The purpose of this study is to create an ensemble model ca-
pable of recognizing several mosquito species such as Aedes,
Anopheles, and Culex from a given input image. The aim
would be achieved by training a model on our dataset using
Transfer Learning techniques. The objective of the research
is to improve the accuracy and compare it to other systems.
As a result, in this research, a study of multiple existing
Transfer Learning Models such as VGG16, InceptionV3, and
MobileNetV2 are conducted and evaluated in terms of accu-
racy, precision, Recall, F1 Score, and training time, in order to
build an effective and efficient automated classifying system.
II. RELATED WORK
Mosquito classification has attracted the interest of many
researchers. Recent studies proposed several classification
techniques, but efficiency and computing complexity remain a
tradeoff in the majority of research. In the paper by Krizhevsky
et al. [5], exhibited a record-breaking performance in the
ImageNetLSVRC-2012 competition and achieved top-1 and
top-5 error rates of 39.7% and 18.9%. The researchers trained
a Convolutional Neural Network Model (AlexNet) using the
ImageNet dataset, which comprises over 1.2 million photos
divided into 1000 categories. Pre-processing included scaling
photos to 256x256 resolution, followed by further data aug-
mentation to produce 224x224 images. These pictures were
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