Acta l Acta l Acta l Acta logistica ogistica ogistica ogistica - International International International International Scientific Journal about Logistics Scientific Journal about Logistics Scientific Journal about Logistics Scientific Journal about Logistics
Volume: 8 2021 Issue: 4 Pages: 423-433 ISSN 1339-5629
STREAMLINING PACKAGING AS PART OF SUSTAINABLE REVERSE LOGISTICS PROCESSES
Helena Fidlerová; Helena Makyšová; Lucia Sklenárová; Paula Bajdor
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Copyright © Acta Logistica, www.actalogistica.eu
doi:10.22306/al.v8i4.249 Received: 24 Aug. 2021; Revised: 25 Oct. 2021; Accepted: 10 Nov. 2021
STREAMLINING PACKAGING AS PART OF SUSTAINABLE REVERSE
LOGISTICS PROCESSES
Helena Fidlerová
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava,
Institute of Industrial Engineering and Management, Jána Bottu 2781/25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovak Republic, EU,
helena.fidlerova@stuba.sk (corresponding author)
Helena Makyšová
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava,
Institute of Industrial Engineering and Management, Jána Bottu 2781/25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovak Republic, EU,
helena.makysova@stuba.sk
Lucia Sklenárová
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava,
Institute of Industrial Engineering and Management, Jána Bottu 2781/25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovak Republic, EU,
lucia.sklenarova@stuba.sk
Paula Bajdor
Faculty of Management, Czestochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 19b, 42-201 Czestochowa,
Poland, EU, paula.bajdor@gmail.com
Keywords: packaging, reverse logistics, workflow, standard operating procedure, waste
Abstract: The aim of the article is to present streamlining reverse logistics challenging the trends of increased amount
costs of packaging and a need to meet sustainable development goals. Analysis of the packaging process has identified
increased costs for the purchase of packaging, increased volume of imported and produced packaging material, increased
volume of packaging waste and thus high recycling fees (related to producer responsibility). A proposed solution for
streamlining reverse logistics processes have been introduced, including workflow of the packaging process, a new
packaging registration system and measures for standardisation of the packaging process. The solution's main benefits
are economical and ecological: first, cost reduction for purchasing new packaging materials and cost reduction for
recycling fees, the second elimination of negative influence on the environment by respecting the waste management
hierarchy and principles of the circular economy. Other benefits expected for the company are shorter, more informative,
and practical training of new employees, reduced time for packaging process through its standardisation and visualisation,
and more efficient separation of reusable packaging.
1 Introduction
The growing interest in sustainable development and
the pressure to reduce costs in logistics processes,
including the area of packaging, has intensified in recent
years. The objective of the paper is to propose specific
measures to streamline packaging processes in the
company, considering the analysis of the current state of
packaging processes, respecting the goals of sustainable
development, reducing costs for procurement of packaging
materials and packaging technology, reducing the volume
of packaging materials placed on the market in Slovakia,
and eliminate negative impacts on the environment.
Understanding and defining reverse logistics, the
processes, functions, entities are specific in literature and
practice. Hedgepeth (2020) considers reverse and forward
logistics as parts of the supply chains within products flow
and are transported from one place to another [1]. Gnap and
Rovňaník (2012) describe a reverse logistics system based
on the four basic processes: 1. Gatekeeping represents the
entry control and inspection, through which decisions are
made on the entry of material and product, representing a
passive logistics element into the reverse logistics system.
2. Collection is a process representing the collection and
gathering of products and materials for further processing.
3. Sortation and Separation divides materials according to
how they will be further processed. 4. Disposition / Re-
processing - products are processed according to their
nature and why they entered the return flow, they can be
repaired, their functional parts can be dismantled, recycled,
incinerated or landfilled [2].
Reverse logistics functions (Bigoš et al. 2008) are
collection, sorting, storage and packaging, transport,
inspection, disassembly, processing, sale/reuse. The
logistics chain of the reverse flow system consists of
several entities that perform various functions within the
process of recovery of products flowing into this chain.
These subjects include final consumer, collector/collection
company, equipment for material recovery or sorting,
processor, manufacturer [3]. Starostka-Patyk (2017) [4]
focuses on the groups of entities involved in reverse flow
management.