~ 92 ~ International Journal of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging 2020; 3(4): 92-97 E-ISSN: 2664-4444 P-ISSN: 2664-4436 www.radiologypaper.com IJRDI 2020; 3(4): 92-97 Received: 20-08-2020 Accepted: 22-09-2020 Jai Singh Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Kirti Chaturvedy Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Manish Chaturvedy Department of Urology, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India RN Gehlot Department of Urology, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Divyangi Mishra Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Savitri Nagar Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Manoj Verma Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Corresponding Author: Kirti Chaturvedy Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Comparision of low dose computed tomography with standard dose computed tomography for evaluation of urolithiasis Jai Singh, Kirti Chaturvedy, Manish Chaturvedy, RN Gehlot, Divyangi Mishra, Savitri Nagar and Manoj Verma DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26644436.2020.v3.i4b.142 Abstract Background: Computed tomography (standard and low-dose CT [SDCT, LDCT] scan) has become the reference technique in medical imaging for urinary calculi, to diagnose, plan treatment, and explore differential diagnosis of renal colic. Objective: This study was done to compare the low-dose non-enhanced CT scan with standard dose CT scan in the evaluation of urolithiasis. Materials and Methods: Prospective Cross-sectional study on 60 patients undergoing both abdominal low-dose NCCT and standard-dose NCCT. Another optional low dose excretory phase of CT urography was also reserved for suspected patients who had hydronephrosis on NCCT or ureteral calculus on NCCT or whose symptoms could not be explained by finding on NCCT. The patients were scanned by PHILIPS Ingenuity core 64 slice CT scanner with Philips intellispace workstation and software using fixed tube current. Results: The internal reliability was excellent (cronbach alfa=0.9). There was substantial agreement in both the protocols (Cohens kappa=0.69), even in detecting calculi <5mm (Cohens kappa=0.69). There is no effect of BMI in missing of calculin by LDCT. In LDCT scan the mean tube current was lower (135 mA) as compared to. standard dose CT scan( 259 mA) and mean dose < 3 SeV Conclusion: When compared with standard CT, low dose NCCT KUB scans provide effective methods of identifying, evaluating urinary tract calculi and can provide more comprehensive information for management of urolithiasis in effective dose similar to or less than Intravenous pyelography. Keywords: Computed tomography, low-dose computed tomography scan, standard dose computed tomography scan, urolithiasis Introduction Imaging is intricate part of urolithiasis management. Ultrasound is the first imaging technique performed, detects about 50–60% of ureteral calculi, but Computed tomography (CT) scan provides a higher diagnostic yield [1] . Because of the marked increase in use of CT for the evaluation of urolithiasis and the associated increase in ionizing radiation exposure, strategies for reducing the radiation dose have become necessary [1] . CT is used as the initial diagnostic technique in patients with suspected renal colic because of its high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of calculus. The initial use of CT reveals the presence of a calculus, its size and location, these give us a useful information for selecting the most appropriate therapeutic approach [2] . However, because renal colic frequently affects young adults, with a recurrence rate of about 50%, [2] the increasing trend of use of CT at patient’s admission raises concern about the dose of radiation administered [3] The radiation exposure of low-dose CT in renal colic is compared with that of intravenous urography, which used to be the reference modality in the past. Data from the literature reveal that the effective ‘‘low dose’’ to detect renal colic to be up to 5 mSv [1] If we consider that the average dose of a standard abdomen and pelvic CT is between 12 and 14 mSv [18, 19] , a low-dose scan of less than 5 mSv corresponds to a dose reduction of more than 70%. Despite this significant dose reduction, various studies have shown that the diagnostic performance of low-dose CT remains excellent compared to dose CT for urolithiasis