MODELING PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS BIOFILM
FORMATION ON MARBLE, GRANITE AND STAINLESS STEEL
AS A FUNCTION OF TIME AND TEMPERATURE
MARCÍLIA SANTOS ROSADO, NELIO JOSE DE ANDRADE
1
,
WILMER EDGARD LUERA PENA, ROBERTA TORRES CARELI,
JOELMA LOPES PIAZZA and LUIS ANTONIO MINIM
Food Technology Department
University Federal of Viçosa
36570 000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Accepted for Publication August 7, 2009
ABSTRACT
The adherence and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas fluorescens on
marble, granite and stainless steel as a function of time (0–10 days) and
temperature (4.5–36.8C) were evaluated using response surface methodology.
The derived models show that the adherence of P. fluorescens to marble and
stainless steel is affected (in decreasing order of importance) by time, time
2
and temperature and to granite by time
2
, time and temperature. Analysis of
variance of the response variables showed that the models are significant and
that they adequately represent the true relationships. The models were verified
by experiments conducted under random combinations of temperature and
time, and all the experiments verified that the proposed models are valid,
suggesting that there is no tendency in the values predicted by the models. The
number of cells adhered to stainless steel was lower than those adhered to
marble or granite. All surfaces were able to support the adhesion of P. fluo-
rescens and showed a well-established biofilm.
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
This study applied predictive microbiology to the task of preventing
foodborne disease outbreaks in the food industry. Our results should contribute
to food quality control, quality management, risk assessment, risk manage-
ment hazard analysis by critical control point and good manufacturing
1
Corresponding author. TEL: +55-0313138992226; FAX: +55-0313138992208; EMAIL: nandrade@
ufv.br
Journal of Food Process Engineering 34 (2011) 1623–1638. All Rights Reserved.
© 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4530.2009.00548.x
1623