Case Study Open Access
Khan I et al., J Genet Syndr Gene Ther 2015, 6:2
DOI: 10.4172/2157-7412.1000258
Volume 6 • Issue 2 • 1000258
J Genet Syndr Gene Ther
ISSN: 2157-7412 JGSGT, an open access journal
Introduction
Proteus Syndrome (PS) is a rare disorder which includes
malformations and excessive growth of many tissues. Te prevalence of
PS has been estimated to be less than 1 case per 1,000,000 live births [1].
It is described as asymmetric disproportionate enlargement of skull,
limbs or vertebra, with multiple of cutaneous lesions. A pathognomonic
feature of PS is cerebriform connective tissue nevi, esp. of plantar foot,
albeit it has not been reported in many cases [2].
Te term Proteus Syndrome was frst coined by Wiedemann et al
in 1983, afer the Greek God Proteus who displayed multiple forms
[3]. Turner et al conducted a detailed literature review in 2004, and
found about 205 case reports published on PS till then [4]. Tey further
reported that out of those 205 cases, only 97 were true cases of PS based
on the diagnostic criteria. Te syndrome can occur in any race, and is
slightly predominant in males with a male to female ratio of 1.9:1 [4].
In Pakistan, Mashood et al reported a case of PS in 2007 [5]. Our
case is the second confrmed case ever reported from Pakistan. Te aim
of our report is to contribute to the literature about the presentation,
diagnosis and management of PS syndrome.
Case Report
18 year old, unmarried male presented in out-patient department
with complaint of unilateral right leg and thigh swelling since birth. It has
gradually progressed over years to the present size. It is associated with
increase size of hands and feet. Tere is no history of similar illness in family.
On examination, the patient is noted to have nasal twang with high
arched palate. Patient had normal intelligence and his vital were stable.
He had epidermal naevus present over the back of neck, face, forehead
and upper chest with easy bruisability. His hand and feet were enlarged
bilaterally. Te right leg had unilateral non-pitting edema below knee.
Multiple dilated veins were visible on medial and lateral side of both
legs but more prominent on medial side. Patient had saphenavarix,
with a positive cough impulse. Te Schawartz and Fagan test were
positive but modifed Perthe’s was negative. Patient’s had syndactyly of
second and third toe of right foot. Te other systemic examination was
unremarkable (Figures 1-4).
On investigation, complete blood count, blood urea nitrogen,
electrolytes, creatinine and coagulation profle were within normal
limits. Te chest radiograph was normal.
*Corresponding author: Maroof Hassan, Dow University of Health Sciences,
Karachi, Pakistan, E-Mail: maroofhassan10@gmail.com
Received January 28, 2015; Accepted February 14, 2015; Published February
20, 2015
Citation: Khan I, Hassan M, Memon AS, Memon AA (2015) Proteus Syndrome:
Case Report from Karachi, Pakistan. J Genet Syndr Gene Ther 6: 258.
doi:10.4172/2157-7412.1000258
Copyright: © 2015 Hassan M. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and
source are credited.
Proteus Syndrome: Case Report from Karachi, Pakistan
Iqra Khan, Maroof Hassan, Amjad Siraj Memon, Akhtar Amin Memon
Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
Figure 1: Epidermal nevus seen on right side of neck.
Figure 2: varicose vein seen on lower limb.
Figure 3: Syndactyly present between second and third toes of right feet.
Journal of Genetic Syndromes
& Gene Therapy
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ISSN: 2157-7412