Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
The European Journal of Health Economics
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-018-0961-7
ORIGINAL PAPER
Annual costs attributed to atrial fbrillation management:
cross‑sectional study of primary healthcare electronic records
Marc Casajuana
1,2
· Maria Giner‑Soriano
1,2,3
· Albert Roso‑Llorach
1,2
· Cristina Vedia
2,4
· Concepció Violan
1,2
·
Rosa Morros
1,2,3,5
Received: 21 July 2017 / Accepted: 14 February 2018
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract
Atrial fbrillation (AF) is the most common chronic arrhythmia, with increasing healthcare and economic burden and a preva-
lence which increases with progressive ageing. This study aims to describe overall annual costs per patient for management of
non-valvular AF in a primary healthcare (PHC) setting and compare these costs between the groups of patients treated with
vitamin K antagonists, antiplatelets or non-treated through a population-based study conducted with electronic health records.
We analysed annual costs per person of 19,787 patients in 2012; PHC visits, hospital admissions, AF-related events requiring
hospital admission, referrals to secondary specialists, sick leave, diagnostic tests and laboratory tests at PHC level, including
INR determinations performed in PHC, and drug therapy. Higher costs of AF management were associated with increasing
age, male sex, stroke and bleeding risks, comorbidities and occurrence of events associated to AF. The sensitivity analyses
conducted showed that PHC visits and hospitalizations represented the most important part of overall costs for all patients.
Keywords Atrial fbrillation · Costs · Primary healthcare · Electronic health records · Stroke · Haemorrhage
JEL I10
Introduction
Atrial fbrillation (AF) is the most common chronic arrhyth-
mia, with increasing healthcare burden, because of an ageing
population [1]. Its estimated prevalence is approximately
1–2% of general population [1, 2]. It increases with age,
from 0.5% in people under 50 up to 17% in people over
80 years of age [3, 4].
AF increases the risk of stroke by fvefold, and one in fve
strokes is attributed to this arrhythmia [5]. This increase in
AF and stroke incidence and prevalence poses a challenge
to healthcare systems, as it entails high social and economic
costs [1, 6].
Despite representing a progressively increasing economic
burden, there are not many studies estimating overall costs of
AF management. Ringborg et al. conducted the Euro Heart
Survey on AF, which is an observational study among car-
diology practices in Europe. They estimated costs of diag-
nostic procedures, laboratory measurements, interventional
procedures, drug therapy, inpatient care, and work loss
due to AF [6]. In Spain, Hidalgo-Vega et al. conducted an
observational study in AF patients treated with vitamin K
* Maria Giner-Soriano
mginer@idiapjgol.info
Marc Casajuana
mcasajuana@idiapjgol.info
Albert Roso-Llorach
aroso@idiapjgol.org
Cristina Vedia
cvedia.bnm.ics@gencat.cat
Concepció Violan
cviolan@idiapjgol.org
Rosa Morros
rmorros@idiapjgol.org
1
Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi
Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587,
àtic, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
2
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,
Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
3
Institut Català de la Salut, Departament de Salut, Generalitat
de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
4
Unitat de Farmàcia, Servei d’Atenció Primària Barcelonès
Nord i Maresme, Institut Català de la Salut, Badalona, Spain
5
UICEC IDIAP Jordi Gol, Plataforma SCReN, Barcelona,
Spain