AJR:196, June 2011 W729
rotation time, because image reconstruction
requires 180° [2]; 320-MDCT uses multiseg-
ment reconstruction to improve the effective
temporal resolution by using data from more
than one R-R interval of the cardiac cycle to
reconstruct an image [5]. Using this method,
an effective temporal resolution of 87.5 milli-
seconds can be obtained if two-segment recon-
structions are used, compared with the tempo-
ral resolution of a dual-source scanner, which
ranges from 75 to 83 milliseconds [2, 5]. The
trade-off for using multisegment reconstruc-
tion is higher radiation dose to the patient as a
result of longer exposure time.
With 16 cm of craniocaudal coverage per
gantry rotation, 320-MDCT enables scan-
ning of the whole heart in a single heartbeat,
thereby eliminating the “stair-step” artifact
[3]. This artifact occurs as a result of sub-
volume cardiac imaging over multiple gantry
rotations, leading to nonoverlapping recon-
struction intervals [6]. All scan data can be
Coronary Image Quality of 320-
MDCT in Patients With Heart
Rates Above 65 Beats per Minute:
Preliminary Experience
Allan B. Lee
1
Dee Nandurkar
1
Michal E. Schneider-Kolsky
2
Marcus Crossett
1,3
Sujith K. Seneviratne
3
James D. Cameron
3
John M. Troupis
1,3
Lee AB, Nandurkar D, Schneider-Kolsky ME, et al.
1
Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Monash Medical
Centre, Southern Health, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton,
Victoria 3168, Australia. Address correspondence to
J. M. Troupis (John.Troupis@southernhealth.org.au).
2
Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences,
Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
3
MonashHEART, Southern Health and Department of
Medicine, Monash University, Monash Cardiovascular
Research Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
CardiopulmonaryImaging•OriginalResearch
WEB
This is a Web exclusive article.
AJR 2011; 196:W729–W735
0361–803X/11/1966–W729
© American Roentgen Ray Society
C
ardiac CT is a rapidly evolving
noninvasive technique used in
the detection and assessment of
coronary artery disease. The im-
ages produced by cardiac CT need to be of
high quality for it to be a sensitive and diag-
nostic tool.
Patient-specific factors such as high heart
rate may degrade the image quality of cardi-
ac CT [1]. High-quality images free of cardi-
ac motion artifact may be obtained by slow-
ing the heart rate [2]. The current practice is
aimed at decreasing the heart rate to below
65 beats/min, often with β-blocker medica-
tion, before cardiac CT [3, 4]. Alternatively,
the temporal resolution of the scanner needs
to be fast enough to freeze the heart motion
[3]. The temporal resolution of the scanner is
limited by the gantry rotation time, which is
the time needed to complete a 360° revolu-
tion. The temporal resolution of a single tube
and detector system is one half of the gantry
Keywords: 320-MDCT, cardiac CT, heart rate above 65
beats/min
DOI:10.2214/AJR.10.5252
Received July 2, 2010; accepted after revision
November 7, 2010.
OBJECTIVE. High heart rate may negatively influence the image quality of cardiac
CT. The technical advances of 320-MDCT may overcome issues with poor image quality
associated with high heart rate. This study aimed to evaluate the coronary image quality of
320-MDCT in patients with heart rates above 65 beats/min.
MATERIALS AND METhODS. Patients who presented for cardiac CT were divided
into two groups according to heart rate, either greater than 65 beats/min or less than or equal
to 65 beats/min. Two radiologists were blinded to the patient groups and evaluated images of 15
coronary artery segments per patient using 320-MDCT with consensus agreement. The image
quality was scored subjectively as 1 or 2 (diagnostic quality) or 3 (poor quality and nondiagnostic).
RESULTS. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups
in terms of age, sex, and body mass index ( p > 0.05). The median heart rate was 70 beats/
min (range, 67–110 beats/min) for the group with heart rate greater than 65 beats/min and
60 beats/min (range, 48–65 beats/min) for the group with heart rate less than or equal to
65 beats/min ( p < 0.001). In patients with heart rates greater than 65 beats/min, diagnostic
quality images (scores of 1 or 2) were obtained in 95.6% of the analyzed segments, compared
with 96.9% in the group with heart rate less than or equal to 65 beats/min ( p = 0.7).
CONCLUSION. Our initial evaluation suggests that coronary artery images of
diagnostic quality can be obtained using 320-MDCT in most patients with heart rates greater
than 65 beats/min, in percentages similar to those for patients with heart rates less than or
equal to 65 beats/min. This finding may be the result of the inherent image acquisition and
reconstruction technique of 320-MDCT.
Lee et al.
320-MDCT in Patients With Elevated Heart Rates
Cardiopulmonary Imaging
Original Research
Downloaded from www.ajronline.org by 52.73.204.196 on 05/17/22 from IP address 52.73.204.196. Copyright ARRS. For personal use only; all rights reserved