Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 2020, 13, 143-160
https://www.scirp.org/journal/jsea
ISSN Online: 1945-3124
ISSN Print: 1945-3116
DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2020.137010 Jul. 17, 2020 143 Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
Software Effort Prediction Using Ensemble
Learning Methods
Omar H. Alhazmi, Mohammed Zubair Khan
Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University, Madinah, KSA
Abstract
Software Cost Estimation (SCE) is an essential requirement in producing
software these days. Genuine accurate estimation requires cost-and-efforts
factors in delivering software by utilizing algorithmic or Ensemble Learning
Methods (ELMs). Effort is estimated in terms of individual months and
length. Overestimation as well as underestimation of efforts can adversely af-
fect software development. Hence, it is the responsibility of software devel-
opment managers to estimate the cost using the best possible techniques. The
predominant cost for any product is the expense of figuring effort. Subse-
quently, effort estimation is exceptionally pivotal and there is a constant need
to improve its accuracy. Fortunately, several efforts estimation models are
available; however, it is difficult to determine which model is more accurate
on what dataset. Hence, we use ensemble learning bagging with base learner
Linear regression, SMOReg, MLP, random forest, REPTree, and M5Rule. We
also implemented the feature selection algorithm to examine the effect of
feature selection algorithm BestFit and Genetic Algorithm. The dataset is
based on 499 projects known as China. The results show that the Mean Mag-
nitude Relative error of Bagging M5 rule with Genetic Algorithm as Feature
Selection is 10%, which makes it better than other algorithms.
Keywords
Software Cost Estimation (SCE), Ensemble Learning, Bagging, Linear
Regression, SMOReg, REPTree, M5 Rule
1. Introduction
For software developers the quality of a software product is vital, and software
cost estimation efforts help developers to maintain good quality. Software cost
estimation in terms of the persons-months and time to complete the project is
How to cite this paper: Alhazmi, O.H. and
Khan, M.Z. (2020) Software Effort Predic-
tion Using Ensemble Learning Methods.
Journal of Software Engineering and Ap-
plications, 13, 143-160.
https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2020.137010
Received: June 4, 2020
Accepted: July 14, 2020
Published: July 17, 2020
Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access