CAAD Futures 2011 : Designing Together, ULg, 2011
© P. Leclercq, A. Heylighen and G. Martin (eds) 41
Shared Space at a Distance : A Model of Integrated Shared
Space for Supporting Informal Interaction at a Distance
NGUYEN Thi Lan Truc and TAN Beng-Kiang
Department of Architecture, School of Design and Environment, National
University of Singapore, Singapore
g0800518@nus.edu.sg, akitanbk@nus.edu.sg
Abstract. Informal interaction among team members is an important factor in
collaborative work. This paper discusses the issue of how the notion of shared
space is used to support informal interaction at a distance. We reviewed existing
shared space examples, examined how they support informal interaction and
identified critical issues that emerged from the characteristics of shared space
technologies which do not fully support the nature of informal interaction. We
then propose a model of integrated shared space (ISS) whose main objective is to
address these issues and support collaborative work at a distance through a shared
space for natural informal interaction.
1. Introduction
With the advent of internet network and communication technologies, team
members who are geographically distributed are able to collaboratively work over
physical distance in a variety ways such as using instant messages, telephone,
email and video conferencing. These tools are useful in conducting and
facilitating conversations, however, as reported by Kraut et al. [1] and Mackay
[2], communication supported by these tools is less frequent, sometimes delayed
in sending and receiving messages and more effortful than in face-to-face
conversations. More importantly, team members could not benefit from informal
communication from which creative ideas spring [3]. Basically, informal
interaction often occur when people are co-located or being in a shared
environment in which the spatial and temporal factors provide opportunities for
people to encounter each other thus foster them to come into contact and
communicate. So far, researchers have developed a variety ways to enable