Access this article online Website: http://www.ijmsph.com Quick Response Code: DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2015.06042015209 International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health | 2015 | Vol 4 | Issue 7 1015 International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health Online 2015. © 2015 Akanksha Yadav. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license. Research Article Oral manifestations in renal failure patients undergoing Dialysis Akanksha Yadav, Deepak U, Neeta Misra, Shiva Kumar GC, Amanpreet Kaur Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Correspondence to: Akanksha Yadav, E-mail: akku110588@gmail.com Received April 6, 2015. Accepted April 10, 2015 ing to retention of nitrogenous waste products of metabolism. Improper kidney function is reflected in every organ system of body, showing various signs and symptoms. About 90% patients of renal failure have oral symptoms, which may be consequences of dialysis and etiological factors causing CRF. [2] With advanced disease, greater measures such as dialysis are taken. Dialysis is an artificial means of removing nitrogenous and other toxic products of metabolism from the blood. Dialysis leads to systemic alterations and oral complications. A wide range of oral signs and symptoms, such as dry mouth, change of taste, mucosal pallor, uremic odor, dental calculus, low salivary flow, and dental caries, have been reported. In addition, oral infections such as candidiasis and recurrent herpes have also been reported. The patients Background: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is defined as a progressive decline in renal function associated with a reduced glomerular filtration rate and about 90% patients of renal failure have oral symptoms such as dry mouth, change of taste, mucosal pallor, and uremic odor. Only few studies were performed in patients reported oral health status of CRF. Therefore, need was felt to conduct the study to assess the prevalence of oral manifestations in patients of renal failure undergoing dialysis. Objective: To assess the prevalence of oral manifestation and to compare the oral manifestations among patients of renal failure undergoing dialysis and healthy patients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences and in Nephrology Department of Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, between January 1, 2014 and April 1, 2014. Hundred patients enrolled in it were divided into two groups: 50 patients in study group undergoing dialysis and 50 patients in control group comprising healthy individuals. Result: Oral manifestations and signs and symptoms were more in patients undergoing dialysis than in healthy individuals where unpleasant taste showed highest prevalence followed by uremic odor, xerostomia, and so forth. Conclusion: This study shows increase in the prevalence of oral manifestations in patients of CRF. As the incidence of CRF continues to rise worldwide, early diagnosis of oral manifestations and their appropriate management can improve the quality of life of patients. KEY WORDS: Dialysis, uremic odor, mucosal pallor, xerostomia Abstract Introduction Chronic renal failure (CRF) is defined as a progressive decline in renal function associated with a reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR). [1] The term renal failure is used primarily to denote failure of the excretory function of the kidneys, lead-