Research Article
An Improved Micropropagation Protocol by Ex Vitro
Rooting of Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Deg. through
Nodal Segment Culture
Mahipal S. Shekhawat, M. Manokari, and C. P. Ravindran
Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, M.G.G.A.C., Mahe, Pondicherry 673311, India
Correspondence should be addressed to Mahipal S. Shekhawat; smahipal3@gmail.com
Received 14 June 2015; Accepted 7 July 2015
Academic Editor: Karl-Josef Dietz
Copyright © 2015 Mahipal S. Shekhawat et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
A procedure for rapid clonal propagation of Passifora edulis Sims. f. favicarpa Deg. (Passiforaceae) has been developed in this
study. Nodal explants were sterilized with 0.1% HgCl
2
and inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. Te addition of
2.0 mgL
−1
6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) to MS medium caused an extensive proliferation of multiple shoots (8.21 ± 1.13) primordial
from the nodal meristems. Subculturing of these multiple shoots on the MS medium augmented with 1.0 mgL
−1
of each BAP and
Kinetin (Kin) was successful for the multiplication of the shoots in vitro with maximum numbers of shoots (25.73±0.06) within four
weeks of incubation. Shoots were rooted best (7.13 ± 0.56 roots/shoots) on half strength MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mgL
−1
indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). All in vitro regenerated shoots were rooted by ex vitro method, and this has achieved 6-7 roots per
shoot by pulsing of cut ends of the shoots using 200 as well as 300 mgL
−1
IBA. Te plantlets were hardened in the greenhouse for
4-5 weeks. Te hardened plantlets were shifed to manure containing nursery polybags afer fve weeks and then transferred to a
sand bed for another four weeks for acclimatization before feld planting with 88% survival rate.
1. Introduction
Passifora edulis Sims f. favicarpa Deg. (passion fruit) is an
important species of the family Passiforaceae, distributed
mainly in the tropical and the subtropical regions of the
world. It is native to Brazil and the fruits are mainly used for
processing of juice. Te fruits are famous for aromatic favor
and rich nutritional and medicinal properties. Tese are well
known for their delicious juice, considered to be an instant
energy drink in many parts of the world, particularly in South
America, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa [1].
Passion fruit vines are found wild and cultivated also
to some extent in many parts of the world. In Brazil, it is
cultivated at commercial scale and the fruits are consumed as
juices and in ice cream making [2]. Te cultivation of passion
fruit has also been taken up at commercial scale in North-
East and South India to produce value-added products and
to generate extra income for the farmers. It can be grown
as intercrop during any seasons. Flowers are hermaphrodites
and are violet or blue to pale violet colored, in axillary solitary
cymes [3].
P. edulis yields essential oils used in perfumery and
soap industry, and the products derived from this plant
are internationally recognized as herbal medicines [4]. Tis
species is used in several pharmaceutical preparations in
Brazil. Te Italian chemists have extracted passiforine from
the air-dried leaves of P. edulis. Te fruits contain vital
antioxidants found to inhibit the growth of cancer cells [3].
In Madeira, the juice of passion fruits is given as digestive
stimulant and to treat gastric cancer [5].
Passion fruit is rich in saponins, alkaloids, tannins,
favonoids, vitamins, and free amino acids, namely, arginine,
aspartic acid, glycine, leucine, lysine, proline, threonine,
tyrosine, and valine. Te seeds yield 23% oil which is similar
to sunfower and soybean oil and have industrial uses. It is
also known to possess antibacterial, antiseptic, astringent,
antiulcer, anti-infammatory, spermicidal, and anticancer
properties [6, 7].
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Scientifica
Volume 2015, Article ID 578676, 8 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/578676