Research Article
A Reliable Machine Intelligence Model for Accurate
Identification of Cardiovascular Diseases Using
Ensemble Techniques
Bhanu Prakash Doppala ,
1
Debnath Bhattacharyya ,
2
Midhunchakkaravarthy Janarthanan ,
1
and Namkyun Baik
3
1
Department of Computer Science and Multimedia, Lincoln University College, Kuala Lumpur 47301, Malaysia
2
Computer Science and Engineering Department, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram,
Guntur 522302, India
3
Busan University of Foreign Studies, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
Correspondence should be addressed to Namkyun Baik; white-knight@hanmail.net
Received 29 April 2021; Revised 30 May 2021; Accepted 13 August 2021; Published 8 March 2022
Academic Editor: Dilbag Singh
Copyright©2022BhanuPrakashDoppalaetal.isisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution
License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited.
Machine intelligence can convert raw clinical data into an informational source that helps make decisions and predictions. As a
result,cardiovasculardiseasesaremorelikelytobeaddressedasearlyaspossiblebeforeaffectingthelifespan.Artificialintelligence
has taken research on disease diagnosis and identification to another level. Despite several methods and models coming into
existence, there is a possibility of improving the classification or forecast accuracy. By selecting the connected combination of
modelsandfeatures,wecanimproveaccuracy.Toachieveabettersolution,wehaveproposedareliableensemblemodelinthis
paper. e proposed model produced results of 96.75% on the cardiovascular disease dataset obtained from the Mendeley Data
Center, 93.39% on the comprehensive dataset collected from IEEE DataPort, and 88.24% on data collected from the Cleveland
dataset. With this proposed model, we can achieve the safety and health security of an individual.
1. Introduction
Cardiovasculardisease(CVD)isconsideredaprevalentand
dangerous human ailment in recent days. According to the
World Health Organization (WHO), more than 40 million
deaths caused in the last decade due to noncommunicable
diseases;oneamongthemisCVD.One-thirdofthesedeaths
occurred in the countries that fall under low-income and
middle-income groups. According to the statistics provided
bytheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC),in
America, one in every four deaths is caused due to heart
diseases, which is about 610,000 deaths per year. Many
factors such as high blood pressure, excessive alcohol
consumption, cholesterol, stress, and obesity are playing a
pivotal role.
Different types of CVDs are as follows: angina which is
mainly caused due to decreased blood flow into the heart,
arrhythmia caused by an irregular heartbeat, a faster
heartbeatcanbeconsideredastachycardia,andaslowerone
canbeconsideredasbradycardia,congenitalheartdiseaseis
anissuethatoccursduetotheheart’sanatomyatthetimeof
birth [1], heart disease that affects the arteries can be con-
sideredascoronaryarterydisease,suddenblockageofblood
andoxygenflowcanbetreatedasanheartattack,andifthe
condition affects the contrast and relaxation of the heart, it
canbeconsideredasheartfailure.Basedonthediseasetype,
proper diagnosis and treatment are required to avoid the
worst conditions. Heart infections may be caused by dif-
ferent viruses, parasites, or any kind of hazardous bacteria.
Atherosclerosis is a circumstance that develops a substance
knownasplaquewhichbuildsupinarterywalls.Becauseof
this, heart arteries will become narrow, and blood flow will
betoughtopassthrough,leadingtostroke.efirstkindis
ischemic stroke (the maximum common form of stroke);
Hindawi
Journal of Healthcare Engineering
Volume 2022, Article ID 2585235, 13 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2585235