SCIENTIFIC LETTER 231 2. King C, Kirkham J, Hawcutt D, Sinha I. The effect of outdoor air pollution on the risk of hospitalisation for bronchiolitis in infants: a systematic review. PeerJ. 2018;6:e5352. 3. Martín Martín R, Sánchez Bayle M. Impact of air pollution in pae- diatric consultations in Primary Health Care: ecological study. An Pediatr (Barc). 2018;89:80---5. 4. Consorci Sanitari de Barcelona. Informe d’avaluació de la qualitat de l’aire a la Ciutat de Barcelona. Agència de Salut Pública; 2016. Available from: https://www.aspb.cat/wp- content/uploads/2016/07/Avaluacio-de-la-qualitat-aire-a-la- ciutatde-barcelona-2016-PRV.pdf [accessed September 2018]. 5. Karr CJ, Demers PA, Koehoorn MW, Lencar CC, Tamburic L, Brauer M. Influence of ambient air pollutant sources on clinical encounters for infant bronchiolitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;180:995---1001. 6. Sheffield P, Roy A, Wong K, Trasande L. 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This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- nd/4.0/). Distribution of tuberculosis incidence rates in children under 15 years old according to poverty areas in Seville  Distribución de las tasas de incidencia de tuberculosis en menores de 15 a˜ nos según zonas de pobreza de la ciudad de Sevilla Dear Editor: In May 2014, the World Health Assembly approved the action framework of the World Health Organization (WHO) Towards tuberculosis elimiation 1 with the objective of eliminating tuberculosis (TB) as a global health problem by 2035. This would require a 95% reduction in TB mortality and a 90% reduction in its incidence relative to 2015. The action frame- work includes policy and budget measures at the national and international levels ranging from guaranteeing universal access to health care to addressing the social and economic factors that have an impact on this disease. 2 Tuberculosis is associated with poverty, social exclusion and inequality, and there is evidence that factors such as low educational attain- ment, unemployment and low socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with an increased incidence and prevalence of TB. 3  Please cite this article as: Tornero Patricio S, Daponte Codina A, Charris-Castro L. Distribución de las tasas de incidencia de tuber- culosis en menores de 15 a˜ nos según zonas de pobreza de la ciudad de Sevilla. An Pediatr (Barc). 2020;92:231---234. Low-resource countries have the highest incidence of TB and the highest associated mortality. Nevertheless, the action framework of the WHO also includes strategies for low-incidence countries (fewer than 10 cases/100 000 inhabitants/year) such as Spain. 2 According to the latest report of the Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica (Spanish National Network of Epidemiological Surveillance), the overall incidence of TB in Spain in 2016 was 10.38 cases per 100 000 inhabitants (4.10 in children aged less than 15 years). 4 The incidence in the population aged less than 15 years in Spain in years 2013, 2014 and 2015 was of 5.33, 4.35 and 5.05 cases per 100 000 inhabitants, respectively. Although there is a decreasing trend in the incidence of TB nationwide, the incidence is decreasing by less than 11% per year (the target established by the WHO). In order to analyse the distribution of cases of TB in chil- dren aged less than 15 years living in Seville based on the SES of the neighbourhoods where they resided, we calcu- lated the annual incidence of cases of TB in children notified to the Department of Epidemiology of the Health District of Seville of the Department of Health of Andalusia in years 2013, 2014 and 2015. We obtained data on the geograph- ical distribution by administrative subdistricts of the city of Seville and the total population aged less than 15 years residing in each subdistrict through the Urban Audit Project of the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (National Institute of Statistics). 5 Since data for the population distribution by subdistrict was not available for 2014, we calculated the incidence for 2014 using the population distribution of 2013. We defined low-SES subdistricts as those containing 1 or more of the areas established as areas in need of social transformation (ANSTs) in the city of Seville based on the classification of residential areas with structural poverty