Workplace Democracy
MAJIA HOLMER NADESAN
Arizona State University, USA
GEORGE CHENEY
University of Colorado Colorado Springs, USA; University of Utah, USA; University of Waikato, New
Zealand
Te idea of work, workplace, and economic democracy is inspiring, seductive and
elusive. Te ideal type of workers or members engaged in common ownership and
self-determination is compelling because such an arrangement aims to reconcile the
conficts in ownership between labor and capital, between top-down governance
and fully or largely participative systems, and between bureaucratic ossifcation and
interactional dynamism. Te exploration of workplace democracy raises fundamental
questions about the fnancial structure of ownership, structure and execution of
work, the design of organizations, and the relationships of various types of labor
to the larger market. Eforts to advance workplace democracy also raise important
questions: What are the histories of eforts and systems in the democratization of
work? What forms does – or could – workplace democracy take? What are barriers to
workplace democratization? What possibilities for the future can be envisioned and
perhaps realized? Tere is also a host of more specifc questions about this topic, for
instance: How are individual and collective interests mediated or blended – in both
economic and sociopolitical terms? How do truly democratic organizations (regardless
of sector) navigate national and global marketplaces that are dominated by for-proft
corporations? How should democratic organization allow for self-correction and
organizational change over time, especially across generations of workers? To some
extent these questions parallel those in the political sphere, including the fundamental
issue about the interrelationships of democracy and capitalism.
Communication scholars have addressed these questions largely through an empha-
sis on specifc communicative practices, asking how, or can, communication operate
to establish, maintain, or preclude workplace democracy? While a great deal of the
research under this specifc rubric is critical in nature – that is, in terms of confronting
power relations and promoting certain values – this encyclopedia entry includes
treatments of workplace democracy (participation, voice, involvement, dissent,
self-actualization, etc.) that are empirical-analytical or interpretive as well. Research
under the very broad heading of participation (and by extension, public deliberation)
has been conducted in all three main epistemological traditions, with some additional
work from a post-modernist skeptical standpoint (e.g., Cheney et al., 1997; Seibold
& Shea, 2001; Stohl, 1995; Stohl & Cheney, 2001). Tere has been comparatively less
research by communication scholars concerned with the role of common economic
Te International Encyclopedia of Organizational Communication. Craig R. Scott and Laurie Lewis (Editors-in-Chief),
James R. Barker, Joann Keyton, Timothy Kuhn, and Paaige K. Turner (Associate Editors).
© 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
DOI: 10.1002/9781118955567.wbieoc221