Site Suitability Analysis of Water Conservation Structures For Sub-
Watershed in Ujjani Catchment, India – A Geospatial Approach
A.A.Kulkarni
1*
& Dr. S.P. Aggarwal
2
1
Civil Engineer, MWH India Pvt. Ltd., Pune, India
2
Scientist/Engineer, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Dehradun, India
*
Amol.Kulkarni@mwhglobal.com
ABSTRACT
Water scarcity has been widely called the top global issue of concern in the coming century in
developed and developing countries. India is one of the countries, which is facing severe water
scarcity. This is an important problem on which both the governmental and non-governmental
organizations are working hard to overcome. Remote Sensing and Geographical Information
System can be used as the effective tools to manage the watersheds by means of finding the
suitable sites for water conservation structures. This paper describes the geo-spatial technology
used to find out suitable sites for check dams, percolations tanks and farm ponds in a small
watershed of Ujjani catchment. Results will show the locations of suitable sites of these
structures with respect to the drainage map.
KEYWORDS: Water Conservation, Geospatial, Multi Criteria Analysis,
INTRODUCTION
Water is essential for all and is used in many different ways - for food production, drinking
purpose, domestic uses and industrial use. It is also an integral part of the larger ecosystem.
Precipitation, converted to soil moisture & groundwater and thus accessible to vegetation and
people, is the dominant pre-condition for biomass production and social development in
drylands. The amount of available water is equivalent to the water moving through the
landscape. It also fluctuates between the wet and dry periods. (Sivanappan, 1997a). Water
scarcity has been widely called the top global issue of concern in the coming century in
developed and developing countries. (Kundzewicz, 1997; Rosegrant and Meinzen-Dick, 1996a;
Rosegrant, 1997a). By 2025, it is estimated that between 46 and 52 countries, with an aggregate
population of about 3 billion people, will suffer from water scarcity. Coping with water scarcity
is compounded by soil degradation, groundwater depletion, water pollution, and the high costs of
developing new water supplies or transferring water from water rich to water poor areas
(Rosegrant, 1997b). Through watershed development we can recognize both the opportunities
and limitations of water conservation through vegetative and structural measures. Current and
expanding scarcities of land and water resources, and the human response to these scarcities,
threaten sustainable development and represent paramount environmental issues for the 21st
century (Rosegrant, 1997c; Rosegrant and Meinzen- Dick, 1996b).
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