* Corresponding author.
E-mail address: a.ajina@psau.edu.sa (A. S. Ajina)
© 2019 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
doi: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.5.030
Management Science Letters 9 (2019) 1553–1566
Contents lists available at GrowingScience
Management Science Letters
homepage: www.GrowingScience.com/msl
Predicting customers' online word of mouth intention: The theory of planned behavior applied to
understand youth Saudi social media behaviors
Ahmed Suhail Ajina
a*
a
Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
C H R O N I C L E A B S T R A C T
Article history:
Received: April 16, 2019
Received in revised format: April
28 2019
Accepted: May 14, 2019
Available online:
May 14, 2019
Word of mouth (WOM) is the oldest, yet still a very common form of marketing. Over the years, it
has undergone under significant transformation as a result of the changing business strategies and
rapid improvement in technology. Today, WOM has gained traction as a very effective and eco-
nomic form of advertisement. With the increase in the use of internet technology and use of social
media for marketing, online word of mouth (OWoM) is significantly changing the sphere. Today,
many marketers prefer to use OWoM through platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram for
marketing their products. However, consumer’s behaviors and attitudes are found to strongly influ-
ence OWoM. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior, the study explored the factors that predict the
use of the OWoM marketing among youths in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected
from 440 samples using structured questionnaires and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results have
succeeded in showing the complex relationship between attitude, behavioral control and subjective
norms; the underlying beliefs, and the intention towards the OWoM.
© 2019 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
Keywords:
Word of Mouth
Online Word of Mouth
OWoM
Theory of Planned Behavior
Saudi Arabia
1. Introduction
Trade and commerce, which is as old as humanity, has been on a continuous state of transformation
(Humphrey, 1985; Jones, 1976). Since the late trade and commerce has become more complex, many of
its salient characteristics have had remained stable. A classic example to this is advertisement. In the
earlier stages, advertisement was solely in the form of “word of mouth” (WoM) (Anderson, 1998). The
owners of goods and services for which they wished to exchange with others would spread the infor-
mation about their merchandise by WoM (Kozinets et al., 2010). Although such forms of advertisement
seem primitive, it has remained relevant over the years and is still practiced today (Söderlund & Rosen-
gren, 2007). WoM has the potential to shape customers’ attitudes and perceptions, which in turn could
influence product adoption (Charo et al., 2015; Duana et al., 2008).