Current Nutrition & Food Science
Daily Arias-Ramos
1
, Idelsy Chil-Núñez
1
, Humberto J. Morris
2,*
, Miladis Camacho-Pozo
2
, Yamila
Lebeque-Pérez
2
, Gabriel Llauradó-Maury
2
, Paul Cos
3
and Chris Vervaet
4
1
Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba;
2
Center for Studies on Industrial Biotechnology (CEBI), Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba;
3
Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp,
Belgium;
4
Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
Abstract: Background: Mushroom-based products can serve as superior nutraceuticals in both
preventing and alleviating human diseases. Dehydrated powder of Pleurotus ostreatus grown in
Cuba has a rich nutritional composition and a large number of therapeutic properties. However,
technological parameters (e.g. rheological), as well as biochemical and microbiological quality
control standards for its use as a raw material in the manufacture of solid dosage forms with
nutraceutical and biopharmaceutical applications have not been established yet.
Objective: The study aims to determine the technological, biochemical and microbiological qual-
ity parameters of dehydrated Pleurotus ostreatus powder.
Methods: Rheological properties (Carr´s index, Hausner´s ratio, angle of repose and flow rate)
were determined in seven batches of mushroom powder. Biochemical and microbiological anal-
yses were performed using standard methods. Other physicochemical properties (mean particle
size, pH and moisture) were also determined.
Results: Technical parameters showed a mean particle size of 224.08±7.96 µm, Carr´s compress-
ibility index (23.08-26.58%), Hausner´s ratio (1.30-1.36), angle of repose (36.6-41.90°) and flow
rate (3.69-6.93 g cm
-2
s
-1
), typical of materials with poor flowability. Biochemical analyses indi-
cated significant nutraceutical composition: protein (25.0-30.4%), carbohydrate (45-60%), ash
(6.1-9.8%), fiber (5-9%), β-D-Glucans (1.47-1.61%), iron (21-50 mg/100 g), zinc (3.8-8.0
mg/100 g), and polyphenols (123-160 mg/100 g). Moisture content was ≤3.50% and microbio-
logical analyses were in agreement with ISO standards.
Conclusion: Dehydrated P. ostreatus powder exhibits good nutraceutical composition and mi-
crobiological quality. Technological parameters evidenced poor flow properties, suggesting the
need to include excipients to improve the rheological properties for applications as an active in-
gredient in solid dosage forms for health benefits.
A R T I C L E H I S T O R Y
Received: August 16, 2021
Revised: December 04, 2021
Accepted: December 21, 2021
DOI:
10.2174/1573401318666220211101143
Keywords: Biopharmaceutical, dehydrated powder, microbiological analysis, mushrooms, nutraceuticals, Pleurotus ostreatus,
rheological properties.
1. INTRODUCTION
Recent basic and applied studies on mushroom metabo-
lism, biotechnology, and clinical trials represent a large con-
tribution to the expansion of mushroom potentialities for the
development of innovative products, such as functional
foods, nutraceuticals, and novel drugs, with a positive impact
on human quality of life [1]. In addition, the possibilities of
*Address correspondence to this author at the Center for Studies on Indus-
trial Biotechnology (CEBI), Universidad de Oriente, Ave. Patricio Lumum-
ba s/n, Altos de Quintero, Santiago de Cuba, Zip Code 90500, Cuba;
Tel: +53-22632095, +53-58015274; E-mail: jquevedo@uo.edu.cu
edible/medicinal mushrooms as effective prophylactic or
therapeutic add-on remedies against COVID-19 infection
may seem promising [2].
In this context, Pleurotus spp. comprises some of the
most popular edible mushrooms whose cultivation has in-
creased greatly throughout the world during the last few dec-
ades. In Cuba, the implementation of technologies for the
cultivation of Pleurotus spp. on a large or small scale on
agricultural substrates, in addition to food generation for
human consumption opened new research activities towards
mushroom nutraceuticals. Its popularity has been expanded
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Current Nutrition & Food Science, 2022, 18, 507-514
507
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Technological, Biochemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Dehydrated
Pleurotus ostreatus Powder for Nutraceutical Applications