Bisht et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2019; 9(4-A):612-617 ISSN: 2250-1177 [612] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO Available online on 30.08.2019 at http://jddtonline.info Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research © 2011-18, publisher and licensee JDDT, This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited Open Access Research Article Terpenoid composition of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. and its Antimicrobial activity from Uttarakhand Himalaya of India Dr. Balam Singh Bisht * 1 , Dr. Amit Kumar 2 * 1 Department of Secondary Education, Uttarakhand, India 2 Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India ABSTRACT C. ambrosioides var. ambrosioides essential oil has been commercialized to control greenhouse insects and mites and the aerial parts of this plant have been used as condiment; traditional purgative for intestinal worms and acesodyne and in the Chinese traditional medicine, this herb can expel wind and treat rheumatism. Further the essential oil of Chenopodium ambrosioides showed the antimicrobial activity against several microbial species. Our investigations therefore, reveal presence of another chemotype in this region with α-terpinene and p-cymene as chemical markers of this chemotypes and its antimicrobial activity . Keywords: Chenopodium ambrosioides, α-terpinene, p-cymene and antimicrobial activity. Article Info: Received 25 June 2019; Review Completed 14 Aug 2019; Accepted 20 Aug 2019; Available online 30 Aug 2019 Cite this article as: Bisht BS, Kumar A, Terpenoid composition of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. and its Antimicrobial activity from Uttarakhand Himalaya of India, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2019; 9(4-A):612-617 http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-A.3536 *Address for Correspondence: Dr. Balam Singh Bisht, Department of Secondary Education, Uttarakhand, India 1. INTRODUCTION: Plant-parasitic nematodes are responsible for substantial economic loss to agricultural crops. Nematode management is generally based upon chemical treatments, but environmental concerns and governmental regulations favour nematicides of natural origin 1,2 . One alternative is to screen naturally occurring compounds in plants which are known as plant secondary metabolites. Many plant constituents and metabolites including terpenoids have been investigated for activity against plant-parasitic nematodes 3- 6 . A series of nematicidal substances of natural origin such as triglycerides, sesquiterpenes, alkaloids, steroids, diterpenes and flavonoids have been identified 2 . Chenopodium ambrosioides L. is an annual or perennial shrub, grows up to 1m high, leaves simple, alternate, occasionally opposite, lacking stipules, 2 - 12 cm long, 2.5. 9 cm wide, blade linear to broadly triangular in outline, margins entire serrated, serrate-dentate or lobed, with inflated glands, in senescence silvery shining. Inflorescences green, herbaceous, widely ramified, branches with flowers originate in the axilles of great leaves which are reduced in their upper parts. The bracts of the fruits green or brown, seeds one per flower, reddish brown. C. ambrosioides is mainly distributed in South America and throughout the tropical parts of the world. This species of plant is also distributed in the India. It is glandular erect herb, leaves oblong, or lanceolate, sinnuate-toothed, flowers yellowish- white. Flowering occurs in August–October 7 . Chemical composition of the essential oil of C. ambrosioides from different parts of the world has been widely reported such as from Brazil, Cuba, Mexico, Cameroon, Nigeria, Rwanda, China and India 8-17 . The essential oil of C. ambrosioides from China comprised bornylene, benzene, 1- methyl-4-(1- methylethyl), ascaridole and α-terpinene 14 . The oil of Indian and Brazilian C. ambrosioides was found to contain ascaridole as the main components (20-67%) besides hydrocarbons such as p-cymene, limonene and β- myrcene 8, 16, 17 . C. ambrosioides var. ambrosioides essential oil has been commercialized to control greenhouse insects and mites and the aerial parts of this plant have been used as condiment; traditional purgative for intestinal worms and acesodyne and in the Chinese traditional medicine, this herb can expel wind and treat rheumatism 18 . Further the essential oil of Chenopodium ambrosioides showed the strong antimicrobial activity against several microbial species like Candida species, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus glaucus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceous and Collatotricum species 11,8 . The biotransformation of Chenopodium constituents have been shown in Fig 1 20 .