Br J Clin Psychol. 2022;00:1–14. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/bjc | 1 © 2022 British Psychological Society. Received: 28 October 2021 | Accepted: 19 June 2022 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12380 RESEARCH ARTICLE Reappraisal, social support, and parental burnout Gao-Xian Lin 1 | Amit Goldenberg 2 | Gizem Arikan 3 | Anna Brytek-Matera 4 | Kamila Czepczor-Bernat 4 | Denisse Manrique-Millones 5,6 | Moïra Mikolajczak 1 | Hannah Overbye 7 | Isabelle Roskam 1 | Dorota Szczygieł 8 | A. Meltem Ustundag-Budak 9 | James J. Gross 10 Amit Goldenberg shared the co-first authorship with Gao-Xian Lin. Gizem Arikan, Anna Brytek-Matera, Kamila Czepczor-Bernat , Denisse Manrique-Millones, Moïra Mikolajczak, Hannah Overbye, Isabelle Roskam, Dorota Szczygieł, A. Meltem Ustundag-Budak are alphabetically ordered by last name 1 Psychological Sciences Research Institute, University of Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain-la- Neuve, Belgium 2 Harvard Business School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 3 Department of Psychology, Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey 4 Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland 5 Carrera de Psicología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru 6 Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru 7 Department of Communication, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA 8 SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, Poland 9 Department of Psychology, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey 10 Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA Correspondence Gao-Xian Lin, Department of Psychology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Catholic University of Louvain (UCLouvain), Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium. Email: gao-xian.lin@uclouvain.be Funding information French Community of Belgium, Grant/Award Number: 19/24-100 Abstract Objectives: Parental burnout is a prevalent condition that affects parents' functioning and health. While various pro- tective factors have been examined, little is known about their interplay. In the current study, we examined the joint effect of two protective factors against parental burnout (one external—social support and one internal—cognitive reappraisal). We were specifically interested in whether the presence of one factor could compensate for the lack of the other. Methods: To address this question, 1835 participants were drawn from five countries: United States, Poland, Peru, Turkey and Belgium. Results: Results suggested that both social support and cognitive reappraisal were associated with lower parental burnout. An interaction was also found between the re- source factors, such that the presence of cognitive reap- praisal compensated for the absence of social support. Conclusions: These findings point to ways in which paren- tal burnout could be reduced, especially in situations where social support is not easily available. KEYWORDS emotion regulation, exhaustion, loneliness, parenting, resources