Effect of pendant functional groups on curing kinetics and final properties of cardanol-based benzoxazines Kunal Wazarkar, Anagha Sabnis Ó American Coatings Association 2018 Abstract The present study reveals the effect of pen- dant functional groups on curing and final properties of cardanol-derived benzoxazines. Three benzoxazines are synthesized by choosing three functional amines, namely aniline, 4-aminophenol, and 4-aminobenzoic acid. The structure of the benzoxazines is confirmed by chemical as well as spectroscopic analysis. Curing kinetics of benzox- azines is studied using nonisothermal differential scan- ning calorimetry (DSC) at four different heating rates: 5, 10, 15, and 20 degrees per minute. Further, kinetic models of Kissinger and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa are applied to determine the kinetic parameters of the curing reaction. Curing kinetics and modeling studies reveal that benzox- azine containing phenolic OH requires lower energy of activation for curing as compared to carboxyl functional benzoxazine and neat benzoxazine. Moreover, coatings are applied on mild steel (MS) panels and evaluated for mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. Graphical Abstract Keywords Cardanol, Benzoxazines, Curing kinetics, Kissinger, Ozawa–Flynn–Wall OH C 15 H 27 C 15 H 27 C 15 H 27 C 15 H 27 O C H H 2 N H 2 N H 2 N H COOH COOH OH OH O O N N O N Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-017-0020-9) contains sup- plementary material, which is available to authorized users. K. Wazarkar, A. Sabnis (&) Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India e-mail: as.sabnis@ictmumbai.edu.in J. Coat. Technol. Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-017-0020-9