NUMERICAL STUDY ON AERO-HYDRODYNAMICS WITH INTER-
TURBINE SPACING VARIATION FOR TWO FLOATING OFFSHORE
WIND TURBINES
Yang Huang
Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced
Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, State Key
Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, School of Naval
Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Decheng Wan
*
Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship
and Deep-Sea Exploration, State Key Laboratory of
Ocean Engineering, School of Naval Architecture,
Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong
University, Shanghai, China
*
Corresponding author: dcwan@sjtu.edu.cn
ABSTRACT
To investigate the influence of the inter-turbine spacing on
the performance of the floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT)
in the floating wind farm, coupled aero-hydrodynamic
simulations of two spar-type FOWT models with inter-turbine
spacing variation under shear wind and regular wave
conditions are performed in the present work. An unsteady
actuator line model (UALM) is embedded into in-house code
naoe-FOAM-SJTU to establish a fully coupled CFD analysis
tool for numerical simulations of FOWTs. From the simulation
results, the unsteady aerodynamic power and thrust are
obtained, and the hydrodynamic responses including the six-
degree-of-freedom motions and mooring tensions are available.
Detailed flow visualizations of wake velocity profiles and
vortex structures are also illustrated. The coupled performance
of floating offshore wind turbines with inter-turbine spacing
variation are analyzed, and the influences of inter-turbine
spacing on aero-hydrodynamic characteristics of coupled wind-
wave flow field are discussed. It is found that the power output
of downstream wind turbine increases with inter-turbine
spacing. Coupled aero-hydrodynamic characteristics of flow
filed are significantly affected by inter-turbine spacing.
INTRODUCTION
The inter-turbine spacing is a key factor of wind farm
layout design parameters, and it has significant effects on the
initial investment cost, annual energy production and
maintenance cost of the wind farm. Small inter-turbine spacing
results in reduced aerodynamic power output, increased fatigue
loads and reduced cable laying cost, while large inter-turbine
spacing leads to contradictory results. The determination of
inter-turbine spacing should consider the influence of wake
effect, turbulence effect, fatigue load and annual energy
production on the wind turbines during the service lifetime.
A series of researches have been conducted to investigate
the influence of inter-turbine spacing on the onshore wind
farms. Choi et al. [1, 2] studied the effects of inter-turbine
spacing on aerodynamic power output, axial wind speed,
pressure drop and wake characteristics of a 6 MW wind farm
consisting of three sets of 2MW wind turbines in tandem layout.
CFD simulations for a wind farm consisting of two sets of
2MW wind turbines were also performed. The effects of
separation distance between turbines on aerodynamic power
output and wake interactions were discussed. Ai et al. [3]
investigated the influence of inter-turbine spacing changing
from three to nine times of rotor diameter on aerodynamics for
two in-line NREL-5MW wind turbines. The strong wake
interactions were observed clearly.
However, there are limited literatures focusing on the
layout design of floating wind farms. Complicated environment
loads and coupling effects between the wind turbine and
floating platform make the predictions of aero-hydrodynamic
performance of FOWTs quite difficult. Some researchers
studied the coupled aero-hydrodynamic performance of the
FOWT with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Li et
al. [4] investigated the influence of different wind fields on the
power generation and aerodynamic performance of FOWTs.
The influence of wind shear and inflow turbulence on the
Proceedings of the ASME 2019 38th International
Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering
OMAE2019
June 9-14, 2019, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
OMAE2019-95520
1 Copyright © 2019 ASME
Attendee Read-Only Copy