Research Article
Effects of Rolling Reduction and Strength of Composed
Layers on Bond Strength of Pure Copper and Aluminium Alloy
Clad Sheets Fabricated by Cold Roll Bonding
Yoji Miyajima, Kotaro Iguchi, Susumu Onaka, and Masaharu Kato
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology,
4250-J2-63 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
Correspondence should be addressed to Yoji Miyajima; miyajima.y.ab@m.titech.ac.jp
Received 18 January 2014; Accepted 12 March 2014; Published 17 April 2014
Academic Editor: Roohollah Jamaati
Copyright © 2014 Yoji Miyajima et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Tree types of clad sheets, Cu/Al, Cu/AA5052, and Cu/AA5083, were produced by cold roll bonding with the rolling reduction of
50% and 75%. Tensile shear tests which give tensile shear strength were performed in order to assess the bond strength. Scanning
electron microscopy was performed on the fractured interface produced by the tensile shear tests, which suggests that the fracture
occurs within the Al alloy layer. Te tensile shear strengths considering the area fraction of deposit of Al alloy on Cu side were
compared with the shear stress converting from the ultimate tensile strengths. As a result, the tensile shear strength of the clad
sheets is attributed to the shear strength of Al alloy layer close to the well bonded interface. A simple model was proposed that
explains the efects of the rolling reduction and area fraction of deposit of Al alloy.
1. Introduction
Composite materials which have superior characteristics
compared with each composed material are widely used, and
metals can be used as the composed materials. For instance,
Cu/Al composites have smaller density than Cu and higher
thermal and electrical conductivities than Al [1]; therefore,
they are used as light weight electric wires. Such metallic
composites can be fabricated by mechanical alloying, difu-
sion bonding, and roll bonding. Especially, roll bonding can
produce large amount of metallic sheet-shaped composites,
which are also called clad sheets, faster than other methods
such as difusion welding.
Tere are two types of roll bonding: one is hot roll bond-
ing and the other is cold roll bonding, of which defnition
is that the former and the latter are carried out above and
below recrystallization temperature, respectively. During hot
rolling, intermetallic layers are ofen formed at the interfaces
of clad sheets. Such intermetallic layers would reduce the
bond strength for Cu/Al composites [1]. On the other hand,
it is possible to form the bonding without intermetallic layers
by cold roll bonding since the critical difusion does not occur
at the low process temperature.
Li et al. reviewed the bond strength of clad sheets
formed by cold roll bonding for several combinations of fcc
composed layers and concluded that the sufcient bonding
could be achieved rather easily between fcc metallic layers [2];
Manesh prepared Al/Fe clad sheets using roll bonding and
measured the bond strength by peeling tests [3]. Pozuelo et
al. measured the bond strength of ultrahigh carbon steel/mild
steel clad sheets by Charpy impact tests and three points
bending tests. It has been reported that the higher rolling
reduction and the higher surface roughness of the unrolled
composed layers produce higher bond strength [4].
Tere are a few related models and theories for the bond-
ing and the bond strength of clad sheets. Jamaati and Torogh-
inejad suggest that the faced and contaminated surface layers
of metals are destroyed during roll bonding and virgin sur-
faces appear from the crack at the contaminated surfaces [5,
6]. Once the virgin surfaces are contacted, bonding between
two metals is achieved [5, 6]. However, the relationship
between the rolling reduction and the bond strength was not
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
Volume 2014, Article ID 614821, 11 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/614821